Lab 10 Blood and the HeartBIO202L Student Name: Click here to enter text. Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): Click here to enter text. Pre-Lab Questions: “1. Research the process of...

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Lab 10 Blood and the HeartBIO202L Student Name: Click here to enter text. Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): Click here to enter text. Pre-Lab Questions: “1. Research the process of erythropoiesis, and explain the role erythropoietin plays. Why is this a popular “doping” drug for athletes? “ Click here to enter text. “2. How would the hemoglobin content differ in a person living in Philadelphia (Elevation: 39 feet) compared to someone living in Denver (Elevation: 5280 feet)? Why? “ Click here to enter text. Experiment 1: Heart Valves and Pumps Table 2: Experimental Observations Observations (with valve) and mL H2O Displaced? Observations (without valve) and mL H2O Displaced? Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Post-Lab Questions “1. What happened when you pressed on the balloon stretched over the jar? What does this result represent? “ Click here to enter text. “2. What structure in this experiment mimics a heart valve? “ Click here to enter text. “3. How did the valve influence the experimental results? If possible, indicate the difference (in mL) in water displaced with the valve versus without the valve. Does the valve enhance the water flow, and why? “ Click here to enter text. “4. What other organs or body systems incorporate valves? How are they used? “ Click here to enter text. Experiment 2: Effect of Chelation Therapy on Arterial Plaque Levels Table 3: Eggshell Observations Day Water Observations 4% EDTA Observations 8% EDTA Observations 1 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 2 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 3 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 4 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 5 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 6 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 7 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 8 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 9 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 10 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 11 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 12 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 13 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 14 Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Post-Lab Questions “1. Describe the differences you observed between the water beaker, the 4% EDTA beaker, and the 8% EDTA beaker. “ Click here to enter text. “2. Does the beaker without EDTA serve as a positive or negative control? How do you know? Click here to enter text. “3. Research and determine the composition of eggshell. State your findings below, and, indicate why this composition makes eggshell a good material for EDTA to chelate. “ Click here to enter text. “4. EDTA is a synthetic amino acid, which the body perceives as a foreign substance. EDTA is therefore delivered to the kidneys and removed from the body in urine. Explain how this process also leads to the removal of heavy metals. “ Click here to enter text. “5. Based on your results, do you believe chelation therapy would be an effective treatment for atherosclerosis? Support your argument with experimental evidence. “ Click here to enter text. Experiment 3: Microscopic Anatomy of Blood Post-Lab Questions “1. What makes red blood cells unique, compared to other cells in the body? “ Click here to enter text. “2. How is new blood made? “ Click here to enter text. “3. What is the main function of platelets? “ Click here to enter text. “4. Describe how the body stops bleeding. “ Click here to enter text. “5. Sickle cells are named so because of their characteristic shape. What problems can this shape cause? “ Click here to enter text. “6. Explain how the absence of a nucleus affects a red blood cell’s life span. “ Click here to enter text. Experiment 4: Blood Typing Experiment Table 4: Blood Typing Results A (Blood Sample A) B (Blood Sample B) C (Blood Sample C) 1 (Anti-A Serum) Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 2 (Anti-B Serum) Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. 3 (Anti-Rh Serum) Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Blood Type: Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text. Post-Lab Questions “1. What determines blood type? “ Click here to enter text. “2. What type of blood antigens are expressed if a person is blood type AB negative? “ Click here to enter text. “3. Why doesn’t a transfusion reaction occur the first time an Rh negative patient is exposed to Rh positive blood? “ Click here to enter text. Experiment 5: Virtual Model – The Heart Coloring Activity Insert screenshot of the myocardium: Insert screenshot of the mitral valve: Post-Lab Questions 1. What component of the heart separates the left and right ventricles? Click here to enter text. Which is more superior: the arch of the aorta or the atrioventricular septum? Click here to enter text. What component of the heart prevents the flow of the blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium? Click here to enter text. Experiment 6: Sheep Heart Dissection “Insert photo of dissected sheep heart showing at least one atrioventricular valve with your name and access code handwritten clearly in the background: “ Post-Lab Questions 1. What surprised you about the anatomy of the sheep’s heart? Click here to enter text. Research diseases of the heart valves. How might a valvular insufficiency affect heart function? How would valvular stenosis (tightening or less ability to open easily) affect heart function? Click here to enter text.
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Answered 2 days AfterOct 18, 2021

Answer To: Lab 10 Blood and the HeartBIO202L Student Name: Click here to enter text. Access Code (located on...

Akansha answered on Oct 20 2021
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Research the process of erythropoiesis, and explain the role erythropoietin plays. Why is this a popular “doping” drug for athletes?
Response: Erythropoiesis is originated from the Greek word 'erythro' means "red" and 'poiesis' means "to make". Hence, it can be defined as the process by which red blood cells are produced (erythrocytes) and they are developed from erythropoietic stem cell into red blood cell. Red blood cells are formed in the marrow of bones. The primary sites of formation of red cells is known as erythropoiesis, in adults are the marrow spaces of the vertebral, ribcage, clavicle, and pelvic. The red cell is formed in the bone tissues or marrow from a naive progenitor called as erythroblast, which has a nucleaus but no haemoglobin. Proliferation happens in the event because of the cellular divisions.  Hemoglobin develops in the cell during development, and the nucleus shrinks gradually and disappears after few days. Post this process, cell gets delivered into the blood system.
Erythropoietin (EPO) regulates erythropoiesis by facilitating the viability, multiplication, and maturation of erythroid progenitor cells and modulating the amount of red blood cells in peripheral circulation.
EPO promotes red blood cell formation in bone marrow and maintains the proportion of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the bloodstream. This is advantageous for sportsmen because red blood cells transport oxygenated blood to the cells, particularly muscle cells, allowing individuals to perform more efficiently.
How the hemoglobin content differ in a person living in Philadelphia (Elevation: 39 feet) would compared to someone living in Denver (Elevation: 5280 feet)? Why?
Response: The person living in Philadelphia at an elevation of 39 feet would found to have lower levels of hemoglobin in his blood as compared to the person living in Denver at an elevation of 5280 feet.
This is attributable to the binding property of hemoglobin in our blood to oxygen in the lungs for transportation to other parts of the body. At higher elevations, the amount of oxygen is low as compared to less elevated areas or regions. Hemoglobin amount in blood of people who live in high altitude environments have naturally higher or rises to maintain the partial pressure of oxygen, and these changes are accomplished by morphological and physiological adaptations obtained during the embryonic period. This is one of the most well-known aspects of high-altitude adaptation or acclimatization.
What other organs or body systems incorporate valves? How are they used?
Response: A valve is multiple membrane structure, particularly in the veins, heart,  and lymph ducts, that act to momentarily seal a route or opening, allowing one way fluid circulation . A valve could be made up of a sphincter muscles or up to three membrane sheets or flaps.
The heart has valves that prevent blood from flowing backwards.
Apart from that, the components of the digestive tract have valves known as  esophageal sphincter that allow food to go in one direction while preventing backflow. The pyloric sphincter is located near the end of the abdomen controlling the flow of chyme from the stomach...
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