John is interested in whether there is a relationship between gender and attitudes towards flogging children. He asked 60 persons “Do you think that parents should be allowed to flog their children?”....

John is interested in whether there is a relationship between gender and attitudes towards flogging children. He asked 60 persons “Do you think that parents should be allowed to flog their children?”. The results are shown in the table below:

Conduct a test, at the 3% significance level, to determine whether gender and attitudes towards flogging were related.

(a) State the null and alternative hypotheses for this test.

(b) Create a table showing the expected frequencies if gender and flogging were independent (not related).

(c) What proportion of the expected frequencies are less than 5? How does this affect the validity of the test?

(d) Given that the chi-square test statistic, χ2, is 0.7554, estimate the p-value for this test.


(e) State the conclusion for the test. Give reason for your answer.