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Job to be done Instructions – Data Analytics (look from page 12) Data analytics should start from 1990 1. Normal Probability Distribution Goodness of Fit Test (just as was done for country 1 in below page (see from pg 13); do the same for Country 2 using attached data in the attached excel) across all 5 variables 2. ANOVA Analysis (see pg 18)– variable of study – Unemployment (see the attached excel data) across all countries as was done for GDP growth on page 20 3. Third: Multiple regression Analysis for predicting unemployment rate (from pg 21) – as was done for Country 1 from pg 23 4. Conclusion – write a conclusion to sum it all up Data Visualization and Descriptive Statistics In this part we are going to explore the four countries which are Country 1, Country 3, Country 2 and Country 4 based on the five variables which are as follow: 1. The unemployment: which refers to the total percentage of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. 2. GDP Growth ( annual %): The GDP growth (annual %) is defined as the annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. 3. Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %): is measured by the annual growth rate of the GDP implicit deflator shows the rate of price change in the economy as a whole. The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. 4. Population growth (annual %): Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage, Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. 5. Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP): Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP. In this part also we are going to provide a comparison between the four countries based on each variable. First: Data exploration and visualization Country 1 1. The Unemployment ` Fig(1.1) Summary Statistics: Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. Var. Std. IQR 5.7 6.9 7.5 7.9 8.7 11.4 2.4 1.6 1.9 From fig(1.1), we can see that from 1990 the unemployment percentage in Country 1 was increasing reaching the peak of 11.4% of the total labor force in 1993, then was decreasing gradually from 1993 reached to the value of 6.8% at 2000 with a little fluctuation the unemployment percentage reaches to 6.1% at 2008 but it started to increase again during the global finance crisis reaching to 8.3% then started to decrease gradually reaching to the minimum value of 5.7 but as a result of Covid pandemic, the unemployment percentage started to increase again reaching to the value of 9.4%. The average value of the unemployment percentages from 1990 to 2020 is 7.9% with a standard deviation of 1.6, median of 7.5 and IQR of 1.9. 2. The GDP growth (annual%) Fig(1.2) Summary Statistics Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. Var. Std. IQR -5.2 1.6 2.9 2.4 3.9 6.9 6.4 2.5 3 From the fig(1.2), we can see that the GDP growth rate of Country 1 started with a value of 2.8 at 1998, then it was fluctuating up and down between 1.4 and 5 in the period between 1998 and 2006, then it reached to the peak value of 6.9 in 2007, after that a huge reduction in the GDP growth rate occurred during the Global financial crisis reaching to the value of -2.9 in 2009 and after that it started to increase again reaching to the values of 2.8 and 1.9 in 2018 and 2019 respectively, but during the Covid pandemic it reaches to the minimum value of -5.2 in 2020. The average value of the GDP growth rates from 1990 to 2020 is 2.4 with a standard deviation of 2.5, median of 2.9 and IQR of 3. 3. Inflation, GDP Deflator ( annual %) Fig(1.3) Summary Statistics: Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. Var. Std. IQR -2.3 0.9 1.5 1.5 2.5 4.6 2.6 1.6 2 From the fig (1.3), we can see that the inflation in Ca on 1998 was 0.9 and continued to increase reaching maximum value of 4.6 at 2000 then started to decrease again reaching value of -1.4 in 2007 but during the global finance crisis the inflation increased to reach value of 4 in 2008 and in 2009 the inflation in Country 1 decreased to reach a minimum value of -2.3, After 2009 the inflation started to fluctuate up and down reaching to the value of 0.7 in 2020 during the Covid pandemic. The average value of the GDP growth rates from 1990 to 2020 is 1.5 with a standard deviation of 1.6, median value equal to the mean value of 1.5 and IQR of 2. 4. Population growth ( annual %) Fig(1.4) Summary Statistics: Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. Var. Std. IQR 0.7 1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.5 0.03 0.17 0.1 From fig(1.4), we can see that Country 1 on 1990 had a population growth of 1.5%, the population growth continued to decrease reached the value of 0.8 in 1999, then it experienced some increase during 2000,2001and 2002 where it reached the value of 1.1in 2002, in 2003 it decreased again to reach 0.9 after which it started to increase again even during the global finance crisis but in 2015 it dropped significantly reached to the value of 0.7, after 2015 it started to increase again reaching to 1.4 in 2019 but the Covid pandemic affect the population growth rate resulting in a value of 1.1 in 2020. During the 31 years from 1990 to 2020 Country 1 population growth ranges from minimum value of 0.7 that occurred in 2015 to maximum value of 1.5 that occurred in 1990, the average of the population growth during this period is 1.1 which is equal to the median, and the standard deviation is 0.17. 5. Foreign direct investment, net inflows ( % of GDP) Fig(1.5) Summary Statistics: Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. Var. Std. IQR 0.1 1.5 2.3 2.8 3.7 9.2 4 2 2.2 From fig (1.5), the foreign direct investment in Country 1 was continuously increasing reached to the peak of value 9.2 in 2000, after 2000 it started to significantly decrease reached to the minimum value of 0.14 in 2004, during the next three years the investment increased again to reach a value of 8.2 in 2007, but the Foreign direct investment is affected by the global finance crisis that resulted in decreasing the investment in Country 1 to reach a value of 1.5 in 2009, then the Foreign direct investment starts to increase and fluctuate up and down to reach the value of 1.6 in 2020. The maximum Foreign direct investment that Country