intelligence research, computers have developed extraordinary abilities. They now can play very challenging games with chess masters. No matter how technologically advanced computers become, however,...

intelligence research, computers have developed extraordinary abilities. They now can play very challenging games with chess masters. No matter how technologically advanced computers become, however, will they ever have minds? When you play chess, you are conscious and aware of what is going on. However, can we imagine that the collection of circuits and software in a computer will someday produce consciousness? In the final analysis, isn’t the computer a calculating machine that lacks anything approaching the internal subjective experience you have? You can frequently know what is going on in someone’s mind. For example, a