DUMMY
Instructions Worksheet for Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis For the drawings requested in this worksheet, DRAWINGS MUST BE DRAWN BY YOUR OWN HAND on sheets of paper. It is completely your responsibility to make sure that your drawings are readable and legible for grading. If drawings and the writing that accompany them cannot be easily read, then they will not be graded or given credit. You can take a picture of your drawings and then insert them into this Word document in the places they are required, OR you may scan them into pdf format (no other image format is allowed) using a scanner or using a smartphone app such as Adobe Scan or Cam Scanner. Please batch them as one pdf file if you do this. If you do not know how to batch them, use an online tool such as https://smallpdf.com/merge-pdf to merge the pdf files into one pdf file for submission. In Canvas, submit this worksheet with embedded photos of your drawings OR submit one batched pdf file with your drawings in the same order presented in this worksheet. Part 1: The Cell Cycle Draw a representation of the cell cycle and describe the phases of interphase. Include the following: Interphase and M phase (cell division) – You do not need to include details of M phase (that is part 2). · G1 – describe briefly what happens in this phase of interphase · S – describe briefly what happens in this phase of interphase · G2 – describe briefly what happens in this phase of interphase [INSERT PICTURE(S) OF YOUR DRAWING(S) HERE OR SCAN AS A PDF USING THE METHOD DESCRIBED AT START OF THIS WORKSHEET] Part 2: Mitosis Write out an explanation of the purposes of mitosis and its general outcome compared to the start. Draw a representation of each phase of mitosis (interphase is not a phase a mitosis!) in order as follows: Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase and cytokinesis Use a drawn-by-hand version of the 4 chromosomes below in your drawings as they should exist in whatever phase of mitosis it is that you are drawing. In your drawing, please use two different colors for the chromosomes (your choice of colors). Notice there are 4 chromosomes total in this diploid cell. One homologous pair of chromosomes consists of two long chromosomes, one blue and one red. The other homologous pair of chromosomes consists of two short chromosomes, one blue and one red. Label your drawings using the following terms as they apply (each should be used at least once): · Plasma membrane · Centrosome · Nucleus · Spindle fibers · Kinetochore · Sister chromatids · Daughter chromosomes Beneath each phase of mitosis, briefly summarize important events during the phase. Important events are given to you below for mitosis. It is your job to figure out which of these events applies to which phase and to write them out beneath the phase of mitosis to which it applies. · Spindle fibers form · Chromosomes condense · Centrosomes migrate to opposite poles · Nuclear envelope degrades · Individual chromosomes align down the midplane of the cell · Sister chromatids separate, becoming daughter chromosomes · Nuclei form · Spindle degrades · In animals, cytokinesis occurs by use of a cleavage furrow (explain briefly what this is) · In plants, cytokinesis occurs by use of cell plate (explain briefly what this is) [INSERT PICTURES OF YOUR DRAWINGS HERE OR SCAN IT AS A PDF USING THE METHOD DESCRIBED AT START OF THIS WORKSHEET] Part 3: Meiosis Write out an explanation of the purposes of meiosis and its general outcome compared to the start. Use the following words and phrases in your written description: · Diploid · Haploid · Daughter cells · Two rounds of division · Meiosis I · Meiosis II Draw a representation of each phase of mitosis (interphase is not a phase a meiosis) in order as follows: Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I and cytokinesis, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II and cytokinesis Use a drawn-by-hand version of the 4 duplicated chromosomes below in your drawings as they should exist in whatever phase of meiosis I or meiosis II (only 2 in this division) it is that you are drawing. In your drawing, please use two different colors for the chromosomes (your choice of colors). Notice there are 4 chromosomes total in this diploid cell. One homologous pair of chromosomes consists of two long chromosomes, one blue and one red. The other homologous pair of chromosomes consists of two short chromosomes, one blue and one red. Label your drawings using the following terms as they apply (each should be used at least once): · Centrosome · Nucleus · Spindle fibers · Homologous chromosomes · Sister chromatids · Nonsister chromatids · Tetrad · Synapsis Beneath each phase of meiosis, briefly summarize important events during the phase. Important events are given to you below for meiosis I and meiosis II. It is your job to figure out which of these events applies to which phase and to write them beneath the phase to which it applies. Phrases can be used more than once. · Spindle fibers form · Synapsis and crossing-over occurs between homologous chromosomes. (State and represent this in your drawing by showing a color exchange between nonsister chromatids of a homologous pair.) · Chromosomes condense · Centrosomes migrate to opposite poles · Nuclear envelope degrades · Homologous chromosome align in pairs down the midplane of the cell in random order. This is called independent assortment. (State and represent this in your drawing by not having chromosomes of the same color on the same side during metaphase I.) · Individual chromosomes align down the midplane of the cell · Homologous chromosomes separate · Sister chromatids separate, becoming daughter chromosomes · Nuclei form · Spindle degrades · 2 haploid cells result, chromosomes still in a duplicated state · 4 haploid cells result, chromosomes in an unduplicated state [INSERT PICTURES OF YOUR DRAWINGS HERE OR SCAN IT AS A PDF USING THE METHOD DESCRIBED AT START OF THIS WORKSHEET]