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Problem Statement 1 CIVE1181 Water Engineering (Computer Lab) Water Distribution Network Analysis Problem Statement A local water company is undertaking the task of supplying water to a locality. Also they are concerned about the water quality in the distribution network. The following information is given about the network: The water surface at the reservoir (R-1) is 70m. The tank (T-1) is circular with a diameter of 15m. The minimum elevation of the tank is 99m. The maximum elevation is 104m, and the initial elevation is 103.4m. The base elevation is 98m, and the inactive volume is 10 m3. The elevation of the pump (PMP-1) is 70 m and initially on. Analyse the water distribution in the above network and prepare the report as follows: Tank T-1 El 104m (max) El 103.4m (initial) El 103.5m – pump OFF El 99.5m – pump ON El 99m (min) El 98m (base) 2 Pump Information Flow ( /min) Head (m) Controls 0 40 Off if tank T-1 above 103.5 m; On if tank T-1 below 99.5 m 3000 35 6000 24 Report Writing Write a report to address the following issues with a well-organised structure. Discussion on Results 1. Find out Flex Tables of pipes and junctions after calculation and detect whether any difference between input and output occurred. 2. Present In-Flow, Out-flow and Percent Full Graphs of Tank and find the timing of highest and lowest percent full in the tank for a 24 hr simulation. 3. Make graphical presentation of water flow and head from the pump with respect to time; find timing for highest and lowest flows and head for 24 hr simulation. 4. Present water demand and pressure at junction J2 and discuss relation between them for base scenario/24 hr simulation. 5. Plot flow directions in all pipes after at every 4 hours (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 hr) and identify the time period when both pump and tank are feeding water to the pipe network. 6. Calculate water balance at any junction (for example J4) at any particular time. 7. Which one has the oldest water, T-1, J-2 or J-9? Establish with evidence. Submission of Report Submit your report via the link given in the Blackboard. Steps to RUN the MODEL Step 1: Open WaterGEMS as a new file and save as your student number in desired location (later just press save button after completing every step). Step 2: Select System International under Units tab found under Options from the Tools menu. 3 Step 3: Click on Click the Pipe Layout button on the vertical toolbar and then right click and select each of elements given in the problem and complete the drawing the layout (note that calculation is NOT dependent on the scale of drawing). Press Escape of your keyboard to exit . Step 4: Edit element number by double clicking on elements and editing id in attribute tables. Step 5: Double-click the reservoir node to open its dialog editor. Enter 70m in the Elevation under ‘Physical’ field. Close the dialog editor. Step 6: Double click the tank. Enter the given diameter 15.0m (under ‘Physical’ field ) for the circular section and the appropriate elevations (under ‘Operating Range’) from the problem statement. The minimum elevation is 99.0m. The maximum elevation is 104.0 m and the initial elevation is 103.4m. The base elevation is 98.0 m, and the inactive volume is 10.0 m3 (under ‘Physical’). Close the dialog editor. Step 7: Double click the pump. Put the elevation of the pump as 70.0m (under ‘Physical’) and keep it initially on in ‘Status (Initial)’ (under ‘Initial Settings’). Step 8: Click the Pump Definition (under ‘Physical’) field and select Edit Pump Definitions to open the pump definitions dialog. Add a new pump definition clicking on and label it “Pump”. Step 9: In the Head tab select Standard (3 points) and enter the pump curve data given for Pump. (If you need to change the units, right click on the Flow or Head table headings and open the “Units and Formatting” dialog. ) Pump Information Flow ( /min) Head (m) 0 40 3000 35 6000 24 Step 10: Click Close to close Pump Definition dialog. Now select “Pump” in the “Pump Definitions” field and close the dialog editor. Step 11: Next enter the pump controls given in the problem statement. Pump Information Flow ( /min) Head (m) Controls 0 40 Off if tank T-1 above 103.5 m; On if tank T-1 below 99.5 m 3000 35 6000 24 4 To do so, click on Controls under the Components menu. Then select the Conditions tab to enter the tank conditions as described in the problem statement. We will generate two conditions. For each of them, we will go through New and Simple. The Condition Type is Element. Step 12: Select the tank from the layout screen by clicking the ellipse button ; select Hydraulic Grade as the Tank Attribute; the Operator and the Hydraulic Grade is entered based on the problem statement information (for one condition it is less than 99.5 m and for other condition it is greater than 103.5 m). Step 13: Select the Actions tab to enter whether the pump is on or off. The default setting is generally with the pump on. Enter the actions (pump on or off) as New and Simple. For example, to turn off pump, the Element is entered by clicking the ellipse button and selecting Pump from the layout screen; the Pump Attribute would be Pump Status, the Operator would be default “=”; then select off for the Pump Status. Step 14: Select the Controls tab to enter all the controls. The controls are all Simple and entered as If Then statements. For example, click new then the evaluate as simple control box; in the IF Condition field, select {“Tank” level> }; in the THEN action field, select {“PUMP” pump status=off}. Close the Controls dialog. Step 15: Click the Flex Tables button in the toolbar at the top of the screen. Select Pipe Table from the available tables. 5 Pipe Data Pipe P-1 P-2 P-3 P-4 P-5 P-6 P-7 Length (m) 300 Last three digits of your student number 225 301 225 301 225 Diameter (mm) 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 Roughness (Hazen-William) 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 Pipe P-8 P-9 P-10 P-11 P-12 P-13 P-14 Length (m) 301 200 301 300 1 First four digits of your student number 300 Diameter (mm) 200 200 200 200 250 300 300 Roughness 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 Warning: The pipes may not be listed in the table in numerical order. You may want to sort the pipe labels in ascending order. To do this, move the cursor to the top of the table and place it on the Label column. Right-click and select Sort, and then select Sort Ascending. The pipes should then be listed in numerical order. Right click Has User Defined Length?, Select Global Edit. Tick the box beside value. Then click Ok Enter the correct pipe lengths in the Length (User Defined) column found on the Pipe Table. Also enter the pipe diameter and Hazen-Williams C value. Close the Pipe Table. Note: you can customise which columns appear in the Pipe Table by clicking the Edit button in the toolbar at the top of the table. Table columns can be added or removed as desired. Step 16: Open FlexTable, Select Junction Table Enter Elevation data, Click on Demand Collection of each Junction. Click the ellipse button ; Check whether the unit is in L/min. Otherwise right click on Demand (Base) (L/min) and open the “Units and Formatting” dialog. Select L/min from the drop down list. Junction Demand and Elevation Data Junction J-1 J-2 J-3 J-4 J-5 J-6 J-7 J-8 J-9 Elevation (m) 73 67 85 61 82 56 67 73 55 Demand (l/min) 151 227 229 212 208 219 215 219 215 6 Step 17: Input Demand pattern by selecting Patterns under the Components menu. Right-click Hydraulic to select New. The Start Time is 12.00.00 AM, the starting Multiplier is 0.80, and the Pattern format is Continuous. Enter the data from the problem statement table under the Hourly tab. Enter the data from the problem statement table under the Hourly tab. Continuous Demand Pattern Data Time from start (hr) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Multiplier 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.80 1.10 1.50 1.40 1.30 1.40 Time from start (hr) 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Multiplier 1.40 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.80 1.80 1.40 1.20 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.80 You will get the similar figure as shown below: Step 18: Assign demand pattern in junctions as Global Edit by selecting Demand Control Centre under the Tools menu. Click Yes to continue. On the Junctions tab, right-click the Pattern (Demand) table heading to select Global Edit. Select Hydraulic Pattern-1 in the Value: field. Click OK and close the Demand Control Centre dialog. Step 19: Click Compute button on the main toolbar. Arrows should appear on your layout screen indicating the flow direction in each pipe (Note, if you click on any of the objects you will see the results in the dialog. You can look at the results for all similar objects by opening the Flex Tables button. For example, if you want to look at flows in all the pipes, select Pipe Table.) Step 20: Run the model for 24-hour period for Extended Period Simulation (EPS) by selecting the Calculation Options under the Analysis menu. Double-click the Base Calculation Options the in the Time Analysis Type (under ‘Calculation Times’) select EPS. The Duration (hours) is 24 hours and the Hydraulic Time Step (hours) is 1.0 hour. Close the Base Calculation Options dialog. 7 Step 21: Click the Compute button