I submit my assi I want post 2 there is 500 words. and I also give you my previous post 1 for your information.
Running Head: ITECH74001 ITECH74004 ASSESSMENT 1 ITECH 7400 IT SERVICE MANAGEMENT AND PROFESSIONAL CULTURE Ethical Discussion forum post – 1 Name: Kinjalben Ashokkumar Patel Student ID: 30355014 Campus: Atmc- Sydney Date of submission: 17th April, 2020 Table of Contents Introduction3 Applying Ethical Theories to the Case and Finding Solution to its Ethical Dilemma3 Utilitarianism3 Deontology4 Social Contract Theory5 Character Based Ethics5 Conclusion6 References7 · Introduction In the twenty-first century, there are different kinds of factors affecting technologies. The technological ground has experienced a number of new advancements with the help of science. The robotic surgery is one of the greatest inventions where the mechanical robots carry out the operations and the doctors monitor them and give them instructions through the computers. The computers are responsible for the different kinds of signals that are given to robots. These robots and their connected machines are designed by IT professionals. That is the reason why it is very important to focus on the correctness and accuracy of the surgeries done by the robots. This is the ethical side of the whole factor. Some ethical theories go side by side with this ethical dilemma and that will be discussed below. Applying Ethical Theories to the Case and Finding Solution to its Ethical Dilemma · Utilitarianism The theory of utilitarianism is a form of different ethical backgrounds. Through the different activities, providing the ultimate and profound happiness is the main aim of this utilitarianism. Through the different activities within the different organisation and institution, the people are connected and looking after their happiness is a very important ethical side of the activity itself (Mill, 2016). Utilitarianism is a very important part of the ethical consideration behind the different activities. In the case of the robotics surgery, the utilitarianism ethical theory can serve a greater good. The IT professional needs to design the robots and their associated machines in such a way that they can observe the patterns of the surgery in their memory and the next time the surgery can take a lot less time (Piacquadio, 2017). Therefore, it may be stated that the control of the system has been an important ethical solution that may be handled by the theory. On the other hand, they can also make the robots in such a way that they can identify the wrong moves and this can increase the accuracy of the surgery by making the parties involving in that surgery profoundly happy (Liu, Schuckert & Law, 2018). Thus through this theory, the ethical dilemma can be mitigated. Scrutiny in real-time is one of the key parameters in the context of the ethical parameters of the theory. Therefore, the chances of errors in real-time have been one of the solutions brought forward by the theory. · Deontology Deontology is such an ethical theory, which judges the morality of the different actions. Whether an action or the activity is right or wrong can be decided through the maintenance of the proper rules of the action. Thus, the deontology theory decides the good or badness of a specific activity (Rawal, 2019). Whether the outcome is good or bad is not observed through the help of this theory and thus it can be said that the deontology ethical theory’s beyond the consequences of the activities. They only observe the proper application and maintenance of the set of rules. Every surgery has some specific set of rules, which the doctors need to follow. The IT professional needs to input them within the instruction set within the robots so that they can follow the proper rules within the surgery (Sacco, Brown, Lustgraaf & Hugenberg, 2017). In other words, the dos and don’ts may be analysed efficiently by the use of the theory. In other words, the ethical dilemmas in the form of performance and restrain are judiciously solved by the theory. Additionally, the robots should also have proper observation skills so that they can see the proper rule-set used in the different surgeries and memorise them as well. Thus the rules will not be broken and the ethical theory of deontology will be maintained and the work will gain a proper high standard as well (Tenenbaum, 2017). Therefore, the theory states the ethical circumstances of performing the research so that the operations are ethically performed in real-time. · Social Contract Theory The social contract theory is one of the oldest ethical theories present within the world. This theory states the fact that there should be a connection between people's activities and the different social morality. Whether an activity is helping the society or serving the greater good of society is also a specific way to implement ethical appropriateness towards the work (Win, 2019). Thus, the social contract theory takes in the different advantages of the society within itself. In other words, the ethical theory based on the social contract theory is based on the development of social ethics in a given work environment or a society. The appropriateness and the correctness of the surgery can sometimes save a human being or also mitigate the issue that is faced by them. The human beings are a part of the society, thus through the appropriate surgery, the robots are serving the greater good of the society (Gaus, 2018). Therefore, this theory has been based on the solution of the appropriateness of the surgery. The appropriate surgery means the solution to a proper social discord, the proper surgery cannot harm the actual life cycle within the society rather it can give harmony and peace to the families and the society as its integral part (Boettcher, 2019). Thus, the ethical dilemma can be mitigated through the help of the advances facilities of the robots. · Character Based Ethics The character-based theory mainly stats the fact that every activity and every person doing it have a purpose and that is the reason why this theory is often named as the virtue theory. The virtues of the people are the guiding force behind every right or wrong of the different activity. The person or the people sometimes act as their character permits and that gives a lot of edge to the different activities (Banks, 2018). The character-based ethics can be helpful here to mitigate the moral dilemma in this case. In other words, the selection between the right and wrong under the character of a situation or an individual is the prime focus in this case. The main purpose of creating robots is to make different surgeries less time consuming and more accurate. The main purpose behind this is to save and better the human lives undergoing the surgery (Alzola, Romar & Hennig, 2017). Mitigating this purpose with the help of the robots is a very good ethical side, which can be gotten through the help of this theory. Identifying the purpose first is also important according to the theory. The IT professionals need to understand the importance of the surgery and also should make the roots accordingly so that they cannot do any wrong during the surgery. Thus, this ethical theory can mitigate a number of problems (Dunlap & Dunlap, 2017). This theory forces a bridge between the IT and the medical sector. Here, the character based on the surgery and the ethical dilemma is moderated and managed efficiently. · Conclusion To conclude it can be said that robotic surgery is a very crucial part of the surgery. In this case, the doctors do not directly do the surgery but they give the monitoring and the instructions to the robots through the computers. That is the reason why it is very important to discuss the issue of surgery accuracy by the robots. The IT professionals who are creating the robots need to create with the perfect accuracy and with maintaining the entire ethical prospect so that they can be able to serve a greater prospect in the society and within the health platform as well. · References · Alzola, M., Romar, E., & Hennig, A. (2017). Virtue ethics between east and west. · Banks, S. (2018). Cultivating researcher integrity: Virtue-based approaches to research ethics. Virtue Ethics in the Conducts and Governance of Social Science Research, 21-44. · Boettcher, J. W. (2019). Diversity, toleration and recent social contract theory. Philosophy & Social Criticism, 45(5), 539-554. · Dunlap, R., & Dunlap, A. (2017). Character ethics and interprofessional practice: Description and analysis. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 7, 61-64. · Gaus, G. (2018). Self-organizing moral systems: Beyond social contract theory. Politics, Philosophy & Economics, 17(2), 119-147. · Liu, X., Schuckert, M., & Law, R. (2018). Utilitarianism and knowledge growth during status seeking: evidence from text mining of online reviews. Tourism Management, 66, 38-46. · Mill, J. S. (2016). Utilitarianism. In Seven masterpieces of philosophy, 337-383 · Piacquadio, P. G. (2017). A fairness justification of utilitarianism. Econometrica, 85(4), 1261-1276. · Rawal, N. (2019). Top-down approach to compare the moral theories of Deontology. · Sacco, D. F., Brown, M., Lustgraaf, C. J., & Hugenberg, K. (2017). The adaptive utility of deontology: Deontological moral decision-making fosters perceptions of trust and likeability. Evolutionary Psychological Science, 3(2), 125-132. · Tenenbaum, S. (2017). Action, deontology, and risk: against the multiplicative model. Ethics, 127(3), 674-707. · Win, M. M. (2019). Myth Busting: Rethinking Social Contract Theory and Reorienting Sovereignty from John Locke to Georges Bataille. Senior Projects Spring 2019. 120, 1-79