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Running Head: FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 1 FINAL RESEARCH PAPER FINAL RESEARCH PAPER 2 OUTLINE RESEARCH PAPER Edson Cantarero Ashford University POL201: America National Government DR. Devin Daugherty November 20, 2020 Higher Education Act (1965 – reauthorized 2008) Table of Contents Introduction3 Thesis Statement3 Historical and Constitutional basis of American’s Government Structure and its Relation to the Policy3 Unwritten Constitutional Structure3 Lack of effective amendments to the policy3 Involvement of Policy in Checks and Balances4 Reformation in the Higher Education Act4 Accountability4 Relation of the Policy to Public Policy and Role of Media4 Shift of public Policies4 America’s Mass Media is responsible for shaping public policy.4 Relation of the Policy with Election and Votes5 Political Influence5 Impacts on the state and local Policies5 Conclusion5 References6 Introduction The higher education of the US provides substantial federal aid to the students of the schools, colleges and universities so that the students might become a better person with active responsibility. The act came into being in 1965 and has undergone several changes and amendments. Thesis Statement The colleges of the US are being rated, and the professors are being responsible for ensuring the best possible facilities to the students and judging their outcomes, with the help of the Higher Education Act. Historical and Constitutional basis of American’s Government Structure and its Relation to the Policy Unwritten Constitutional Structure America has a written constitutional basis. America has a federal structure of the government which implies that every state has a different legal structure (Byrne, 2019). The policy of the Higher Education Act is related to the legal and governmental structure because each state differs from the implications of the policy. Lack of effective amendments to the policy As the constitutional structure of America is different from most of the countries, the Act has not undergone several necessary amendments. Although the Higher Education Act of the US has undergone several changes and amendments, the necessary changes have been stalled (Marvin, Peterson & McLendon, 1999). These amendments and changes have been made to ensure that the students are being provided with all necessary financial aids towards fulfilling their ambitions. Involvement of Policy in Checks and Balances Reformation in the Higher Education Act The higher education act of the US was reformed in 2005 when it noticed that the smooth path of higher education became a rocky road (Marvin, Peterson, & McLendon, 1999). The students required enough money for conducting their research. Accountability Accountability in the Higher Education Act has been one of the important aspects. The inclusion of checks and balances has increased the accountability criteria within the colleges and the universities. The Accountability Movement was first presaged in the US in 1983 (Deming & Figlio, 2016). The credibility of the students has been determined to be one of the important aspects of the Higher Education Act. The credibility can be judged only by reviewing how the money is being sent through checks and balances. Relation of the Policy to Public Policy and Role of Media Shift of public Policies The intentions of the public policies, like the Higher Education Act, are often misguided and shifted towards personal gain (Policy & Advocacy, 2014). The grants, issued by the government, are not rendered to the actual needy students. Rather, these grants are sent to less important factors, with the help of political influence. America’s Mass Media is responsible for shaping public policy. The media of America has focused on how the government sounds to render financial aid among political scientists and mass communication (Deming & Figlio, 2016). The politicians have used the mass media influence on mold the people’s view on the policy, and the people tended to believe that the grants might be required by the political scientists rather than actual students. Activation of the universities by the political parties has forced the university in issuing more grants to mass communication. Relation of the Policy with Election and Votes Political Influence The aspects of the Higher Education Act are often used by the political parties to attract the votes. Students of the country often tend to put their vote towards those parties that offer them education policies, such as tuition rates, student debt, aid programs, and funding (Scheckel, Richards, Newman, Fangman & Poole, 2020). Therefore, the Higher Education Act is often used as an election agenda by several political parties. Impacts on the state and local Policies The policy of the Higher Education Act impacts the democrats. The state and local policies are often interwoven with the transformation made in the educational acts (Deming & Figlio, 2016). The tax redemption and other families provided to the students are often used as a tool to win elections by the democrats. Conclusion This assignment tries to highlight the aspects of the Higher Education Act. The goal of the higher education act became much more stringent after the 1990s. The goal of the higher education act was to ensure that every student achieves 100% proficiency by the end of 2014. References AASCU Policy & Advocacy: 2014. (2014). AASCU. Higher Education and the 2014 Elections. Retrieved from: https://www.aascu.org/policy/publications/policy-matters/2014/ Byrne, J. P. (2019). Higher Education Act. Salem Press Encyclopedia. Deming, D. J., & Figlio, D. (2016). Accountability in US education: Applying lessons from K-12 experience to higher education. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 30(3), 33-56. Retrieved from: https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.30.3.33 GASTON, P. L. Something Happened: What Was Once a Smooth Path for the Higher Education Act Has Become a Rocky Road. Retrieved from: http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.proxy-library.ashford.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=65e581a1-5b81-4782-bacc-499dfca6551e%40sdc-v-sessmgr01&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=132432895&db=f5h\ Marvin W. Peterson, & Michael K. McLendon. (1999). The Press and State Policy Making for Higher Education. Review of Higher Education, 22(3), 223. Retrieved from: https://muse.jhu.edu/article/30079/summary http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.proxy- library.ashford.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=1&sid=7a2e4bdb-5043-4e2b-a7e9-76c9d7e3bc76%40pdc-v- sessmgr01&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=89311803&db=ers Scheckel, C. J., Richards, J. R., Newman, J. R., Fangman, B. D., & Poole, K. G. (2020). How Trainees Finance Their Medical Education: Implications of Higher Education Act Reform. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 120(6), 370-379. Retrieved from: https://jaoa.org/aoa/content_public/journal/jaoa/938457/370.pdf