{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# Simple Nearest Neighbours document classification\n", "\n", "For this project, you will write a program that can classify...

1 answer below ยป
I need someone to complete my Python project. The project requires the use of Jupyter Notebook (anaconda 3). The instructions are detailed and explained in the attached file. There are also 2 zip files attached which are needed to complete the project. Please keep the code simple (not too advanced for a beginner programmer, and stick to the instructions. Thanks!


{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# Simple Nearest Neighbours document classification\n", "\n", "For this project, you will write a program that can classify documents into any number of\n", "classes, based on provided training data.\n", "\n", "The training data consists of a number of sets of documents. Each set represents a \n", "\"class\" of documents, and the task is, given a new document, to find which class it \n", "belongs to.\n", "\n", "There are many classification algorithms; we will look at one of the simplest possible \n", "methods, that still often turns out to work quite well in practice: the *nearest \n", "neighbour classifier*.\n", "\n", "The idea is as follows:\n", "1. Define a distance function between documents. The distance between two documents \n", "that are equal is zero. The more different the documents are, the larger the distance.\n", "You have considerable freedom in choosing which distance function you want to use,\n", "but some will work better than others!\n", "2. Given a new document that we want to classify, we calculate the distance between it \n", "and *all* documents in the training data. We find the closest matching document in the \n", "training set, and we report the class of that document as the predicted class for the new \n", "document.\n", "\n", "You can test your program on the provided spam email dataset you can find with\n", "this project. In the steps below we will provide lots of hints as to how to process your \n", "data, what functions and data structures to use and how to set up your distance function,\n", "so read very closely!\n", "\n", "The process has been split up into several steps; with each step is listed a date\n", "by which you should try to finish it. It is absolutely okay to move faster than\n", "what the dates indicate, but do try not to fall behind in order to avoid stress." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "---\n", "\n", "### Step 1 (complete by 19-05)\n", "\n", "Make a project folder; download and unzip the mail dataset and save there.\n", "\n", "As a first step to building a classifier, you are provided with some code that will help you read all the email documents. First we need to find out what files actually appear in a given directory. To make sure there are no misunderstandings, we make a couple of **data definitions** regarding files and directories. We will make several more data definitions further down. As I'm sure you're aware by now, data definitions are crucial for understanding any program, so make sure to keep these well in mind! If you get confused, it can be worth it to make a little reference document for yourself with all the data definitions in there.\n", "\n", "```\n", "A Path is a string: a name of a file or directory, \n", "relative to the project directory. Example: \"email/train/spam\".\n", "\n", "A Dirname is a string: the name of a directory, but without its path.\n", "Example: \"ham\".\n", "\n", "A Filename is a string: the name of a file, but without its path.\n", "Example: \"0001.f0cf04027e74802f09f723cb8916b48e\".\n", "```\n", "\n", "The functions `filelist` and `dirlist` are supplied. They will create a list of all files in a given path.\n", "Try out the filelist function below by reading and printing the files in one of the email directories.\n", "\n", "---" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "from os import listdir # used to see what files are in a directory\n", "from os.path import isfile, isdir, join # to check if a thing is a file or a directory\n", "\n", "# Path -> [Filename]\n", "def filelist(path):\n", " \"Find the names of all files in a given directory.\"\n", " return [f for f in listdir(path) if isfile(join(path, f))]\n", "\n", "# Path -> [Dirname]\n", "def dirlist(path):\n", " \"Find the names of all directories in a given directory.\"\n", " return [d for d in listdir(path) if isdir(join(path, d))]" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "# TO DO: Try it out!\n", "#\n", "# In this code cell, use the function filelist with the name of a directory \n", "# in your project folder." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "You'll also need to be able to read all the contents of a file into a Python string. This can be done using the following function. (It specifies that errors are to be ignored while decoding the strings into UTF8, because many emails are not in UTF8 format and would normally yield errors when interpreted as text files.)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "# Path -> str\n", "def read_file(path):\n", " \"Read a file with the given path into a string, converting it into UTF8 format.\"\n", " with open(path, \"rb\") as handle:\n", " return handle.read().decode(errors=\"ignore\")" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "# TO DO: Try it out!\n", "#\n", "# Use notepad or textedit to make a short text file in your project folder\n", "# called \"test.txt\".\n", "# In this code cell, load the file using read_file and print the results." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "---\n", "\n", "### Step 2 (complete by 21-05)\n", "\n", "To simplify our task, we are going to ignore the word order and word frequencies in the documents. Instead, we will convert each document string into a *set* of words, discarding any other properties of the email messages. We will make a data definition for this so we can use it in signatures:\n", "\n", "```\n", "A WordSet is a set of strings.\n", "Interpretation: the set of words that occurs in a document.\n", "```\n", "\n", "In addition to splitting up a document into words, we will also want to make the data more easily interpretable by discarding any \"words\" that do not consist solely of letters, and converting all words to lower case.\n", "\n", "Please complete the function `extract_words` below to do this job.\n", "\n", "Hint: look up the string methods `split`, `isalpha` and `lower`. I personally used a set comprehension but that's not required.\n", "\n", "---" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "# str -> WordSet\n", "def extract_words(str):\n", " \"\"\"Convert a text string into a WordSet.\n", " Only includes words that consist of alphanumeric symbols only.\n", " All words are also converted to lower case.\"\"\"\n", " \n", " # TO DO!" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "# TO
Answered 1 days AfterMay 29, 2021

Answer To: { "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "# Simple Nearest Neighbours...

Shreyan answered on May 31 2021
144 Votes
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# Simple Nearest Neighbours document classification\n",
"\n",
"For this project, you will write a program that can classify documents into any number of\n",
"classes, based on provided training data.\n",
"\n",
"The training data consists of a number of sets of documents. Each set represents a \n",
"\"class\" of documents, and the task is, given a new document, to find which class it \n",
"belongs to.\n",
"\n",
"There are many classification algorithms; we will look at one of the simplest possible \n",
"methods, that still often turns out to work quite well in practice: the *nearest \n",
"neighbour classifier*.\n",
"\n",
"The idea is as follows:\n",
"1. Define a distance function between documents. The distance between two documents \n",
"that are equal is zero. The more different the documents are, the larger the distance.\n",
"You have considerable freedom in choosing which distance function you want to use,\n",
"but some will work better than others!\n",
"2. Given a new document that we want to classify, we calculate the distance between it \n",
"and *all* documents in the training data. We find the closest matching document in the \n",
"training set, and we report the class of that document as the predicted class for the new \n",
"document.\n",
"\n",
"You can test your program on the provided spam email dataset you can find with\n",
"this project. In the steps below
we will provide lots of hints as to how to process your \n",
"data, what functions and data structures to use and how to set up your distance function,\n",
"so read very closely!\n",
"\n",
"The process has been split up into several steps; with each step is listed a date\n",
"by which you should try to finish it. It is absolutely okay to move faster than\n",
"what the dates indicate, but do try not to fall behind in order to avoid stress."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"---\n",
"\n",
"### Step 1 (complete by 19-05)\n",
"\n",
"Make a project folder; download and unzip the mail dataset and save there.\n",
"\n",
"As a first step to building a classifier, you are provided with some code that will help you read all the email documents. First we need to find out what files actually appear in a given directory. To make sure there are no misunderstandings, we make a couple of **data definitions** regarding files and directories. We will make several more data definitions further down. As I'm sure you're aware by now, data definitions are crucial for understanding any program, so make sure to keep these well in mind! If you get confused, it can be worth it to make a little reference document for yourself with all the data definitions in there.\n",
"\n",
"```\n",
"A Path is a string: a name of a file or directory, \n",
"relative to the project directory. Example: \"email/train/spam\".\n",
"\n",
"A Dirname is a string: the name of a directory, but without its path.\n",
"Example: \"ham\".\n",
"\n",
"A Filename is a string: the name of a file, but without its path.\n",
"Example: \"0001.f0cf04027e74802f09f723cb8916b48e\".\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"The functions `filelist` and `dirlist` are supplied. They will create a list of all files in a given path.\n",
"Try out the filelist function below by reading and printing the files in one of the email directories.\n",
"\n",
"---"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 133,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"from os import listdir # used to see what files are in a directory\n",
"from os.path import isfile, isdir, join # to check if a thing is a file or a directory\n",
"\n",
"# Path -> [Filename]\n",
"def filelist(path):\n",
" \"Find the names of all files in a given directory.\"\n",
" return [f for f in listdir(path) if isfile(join(path, f))]\n",
"\n",
"# Path -> [Dirname]\n",
"def dirlist(path):\n",
" \"Find the names of all directories in a given directory.\"\n",
" return [d for d in listdir(path) if isdir(join(path, d))]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 134,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
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" '0342.babb5045c49b585808041391599bc05d',\n",
" '0344.8bbe5c7c8269a039761968a1b10a936a',\n",
" '0346.8c8e3c5107bf6bf30b940f79d598c1b9',\n",
" '0347.e74f831074ea17d0721bd06a5fa7857c',\n",
" '0350.0f2ef01282cb99a4eeb9a19923597b3f',\n",
" '0356.86a795300367f707a8b648e0c50253ad',\n",
" '0358.8a6a162daac1368fcfe83a5db1084ee1',\n",
" '0359.2794a4ec8f226ea59a009e972d012f64',\n",
" '0362.d605ea00a259c1245d6e21ecf38264cf',\n",
" '0364.8e5f3385c2deb2c0c32794b403851ec4',\n",
" '0366.539843bed9a06ae77966ccbc9dc2e103',\n",
" '0368.3a53888c2f7fbe52a7293f223375c245',\n",
" '0369.2530542de47d461ccb925fcafc6f0ad5',\n",
" '0372.216f90ef52558ed24402e192586a40e8',\n",
" '0373.2171ee7f8e73e1092279077df2910ff6',\n",
" '0374.ed17ed71f8d321cf8505672678c56e71',\n",
" '0375.ad5939ae436ed745d5222893d5ffe191',\n",
" '0376.d87b4313e6c43a986060d57a0b8515a6',\n",
" '0378.36f7856d38f84ffea7f1fd98044f756e',\n",
" '0380.c4d530b5816543f4f1a23b8ce0d281f5',\n",
" '0383.5b89d5a9c0152070a77e133734f7cd83',\n",
" '0384.e25b766bea2f1efe35eccb7eb6f54e37',\n",
" '0385.8db8e827e6fec2fae5f7e407fe0e0ca3',\n",
" '0386.27345c618f7ca368d7a12b0dd09a9da3',\n",
" '0387.c2b993b46377256bdcb2314c2553b6f0',\n",
" '0388.23ff533336b63fb45d267b8cbe59b7b4',\n",
" '0389.ed4ca8aceef91808c783909351c7bdb4',\n",
" '0391.a52ab775baefe8b277a285560cac7d78',\n",
" '0392.9e194dfff92f7d9957171b04a8d4b957',\n",
" '0393.d3a4d296a35c6a7f39429247c007eeae',\n",
" '0394.9c882c72ddfd810b56776fdaa1c727a6',\n",
" '0400.a152ca3d2735f5dfe48601331471c591',\n",
" '0403.5aa6261d36d1362bcd181ed7738de7f7',\n",
" '0404.a2c9ac35a89a129ce473c5d977409131',\n",
" '0405.18a5c3d971e1def2c3b4a2df122f3583',\n",
" '0406.4b29229820cc5e9675ad369a3a000f43',\n",
" '0409.09cb28cd8753bff06fc8a547c3ed8fe2',\n",
" '0411.e6e37cbb02ad33b4e0ba5fb6caf2bbcf',\n",
" '0415.e241b6184464107168656739bf96c6b9',\n",
" '0419.a42a284750591b454968a76dfab38370',\n",
" '0420.6112350c5fb3dcf5a67a4fafac80702e',\n",
" '0421.a5e7e7b43acb5501368b8c61221477f1',\n",
"...
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