I need both assignments completed
Critical Thinking for College Success Module 11 Homework This assignment supports Module Objectives 1 & 2 To complete this assignment, download this document and open in Microsoft Word (all students have free online access to Microsoft Office Products (Office 365): login using your Star ID and password: https://login.microsoftonline.com/?whr=minnstate.edu). When complete, save your file in docx or pdf format, then upload it into the D2L Assignment Submission Folder for Module 11 Homework. Please use our Module 11 Learning Activities as a reference Section I. Answer the following questions about the common uses for the deductive arguments from the following list. (1 pt each; 5 points total) Note: The answers to this are covered in the Video on 5 Deductive Arguments by Jason Burrows A. Eliminating a specific possibility. B. Clarifying one’s options. C. Connecting facts to a conclusion. D. Showing the process of elimination. E. Connecting a series of ideas together. 1. Modus Ponens (MP) ____________________________. 2. Modus Tollens (MT) ____________________________. 3. Hypothetical Syllogism (HS) __________________________. 4. Disjunctive Syllogism (DS) ___________________________. 5. Dilemma (D) _____________________________________. See next page for Section II Section II. Complete each of the following incomplete deductive arguments by filling in the missing premise or conclusion. Then identify the type of deductive argument that is present. Avoid using any of the invalid forms. (1.5 pt. each; 15 points total) Example P1 If deductive reasoning is a skill, then students will get better at it with practice. P2 Deductive reasoning is a skill. Therefore, Students will get better at deductive reasoning with practice. Type of Argument Above: MP (since if we symbolize the statements that we are given, we can see that the form/pattern is: P1 If A, then B P2 A .: ? Since this fits the MP pattern for what is given, we know that what is missing is B. 1. P1 If you drive your car with little motor oil in the engine, then the engine will overheat. P2 ____________________ .: If you drive your car with little motor oil in the engine, then you will need to buy a new engine. Type of argument above: 2. P1 Either Lucy joins the Army reserves or she cannot go to college. P2 She wants to go to college. .: Type of argument above: 3. P1 I am either going to vacation in Tahiti or Alaska this winter. P2 If I vacation in Tahiti, then I will see the sandy beaches. P3 ________________________ .: My winter vacation will either be to see sandy beaches or the spectacular Northern Lights. Type of argument above: 4. P1 If Chung does not know how to do research on the internet, then she should ask a librarian for help and practice using search engines. P2 Chung does not know how to do research on the internet. .: Type of argument above: 5. P1 If there was true equality in the workplace, then women would not earn 74 cents for every dollar made by a man. P2 Women make 74 cents for every dollar made by a man. .: Type of argument above: 6. P1 If we do nothing to stop the spread of Ebola, then millions of people could die. P2 Millions of people should not die when it is possible to prevent these deaths. .: Type of argument above: 7. P1 Either the disappearing car traveled through time or it is fun to think about the possibility of time travel. P2 The car did not travel through time. ________________________________ .: Type of argument above: 8. P1 P2 If I name my son Gail, then some might think it is a girl’s name. P3 If I don’t name my son Gail, then I will not carry out a family name. .: Either some might think it is a girl’s name or I will not carry out a family name. Type of argument above: 9. P1 If you do not cover your mouth when you sneeze, then germs will be spread into the air. P2 If germs are spread into the air, then the other people will get sick. .: Type of argument above: 10. P1 If Ebola requires direct bodily contact of fluids in order to spread, then there is not a large risk of Ebola in the U.S. P2 Ebola requires direct bodily contact of fluids in order to spread. .: Type of argument above: Critical Thinking for College Success Module 12 Homework This assignment supports Module Objective 1 To complete this assignment, download this document and open in Microsoft Word (all students have free online access to Microsoft Office Products (Office 365): login using your Star ID and password: https://login.microsoftonline.com/?whr=minnstate.edu). When complete, save your file in docx or pdf format, then upload it into the D2L Assignment Submission Folder for Module 12 Homework. Please use our Module 12 Learning Activities as a reference Deductive Arguments in Passages (2 pts. each) For each of the following passages, identify which of the 5 valid deductive arguments is present in the passage. Partial credit is possible if you write out the arguments in the form and identify the premises and conclusions. Add space as needed. 1. Have you heard? The Phoenix Mars lander exposed a bright, white substance while digging in the Martian soil. The substance vanished after being exposed to sunlight for several days. The substance must have been water ice if it vanished when exposed to sunlight for several days. Thus, the Phoenix lander uncovered water ice on Mars. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: 2. If money is the most important thing in life, then we would pursue it for its own sake. Since we do not pursue money for its own sake, but rather as a means to achieving something else, money is not the most important thing in life. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: 3. Many states are beginning to consider policies that pit the economic growth of today against the future well-being of our grandchildren. I’m talking about ‘fracking’. Should we permit fracking to occur or not? Fracking cracks the layers of rock deep below us releasing natural gas. If we permit fracking, then many jobs will be created but we’ll have environmental problems for decades to come. Just look at the YouTube videos of exploding water faucets. But if we don’t allow fracking to occur, then we may not have as many jobs, but our children will still have a pristine land to fish and hike in. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: 4. We need to decide whether jobs are more important than fishing. Either we have more jobs now through fracking and no fishing later or fewer jobs now and good fishing later. I don’t know about you, but I wouldn’t want to live in a place where I couldn’t fish. So, I would say we pass on the fracking jobs and keep our good fishing. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: 5. When I had kids of my own, I realized the challenges of raising children. And once I realized this, then I noticed more than ever my own imperfections in dealing with these challenges. And when I noticed my own imperfections, I began to think more kindly of my own parents’ imperfections. So, be careful. If you have kids, you’ll end up thinking more kindly of your own parents. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: 6. After Cindy left the gas pump, she noticed that the “Check Engine” light was on. From past experience, she knew that it could have come on because the gas cap was not secure or, otherwise, she should take her car in to her mechanic. After pulling off the road, she noticed that her gas cap was securely tightened. Therefore, she thought she had better get it checked out by her mechanic. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: 7. The fire inspector concluded that the house fire was deliberately set ablaze. The owner had claimed to have fallen asleep after starting to cook a pot of potatoes and only awoke after the kitchen was fully on fire. However, after looking at the charred evidence, he noticed that a pile of newspapers underneath oak cabinets had also been very near the boiling pot. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: 8. (from Weston, p. 7) If you study other cultures, then you realize the variety of human customs. If you realize the variety of human customs, then you question your own customs. If you question your own customs, then you become more tolerant. Therefore, if you study other cultures, then you become more tolerant. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: 9. If America is going to be able to remain competitive in the globalized economy, it needs to invest in a highly educated workforce. However, we are currently cutting government funding off higher and technical education. So, it doesn’t look like we are going to keep our competitive edge. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: 10. Either you understand this material or you need to talk with the instructor about what you do not understand. You have not talked with the instructor. Therefore, you must understand the material. Type of Deductive Argument: Premises and Conclusion in Form: