I need a good summary of what the attached document namedGUTTERMAN is about and I need it by tomorrow October 16, 2023 at 7 PM my time please.

I need a good summary of what the attached document namedGUTTERMAN is about and I need it by tomorrow October 16, 2023 at 7 PM my time please.


seng_master_2up.q The Public Historian, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 96–109 (November 2010). ISSN: 0272-3433, electronic ISSN 1533-8576. © 2010 by The Regents of the University of California and the National Council on Public History. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press’s Rights and Permissions Web site: www.ucpressjournals.com/reprintInfo.asp. DOI: 10/1525/tph.2010.32.4.96. 96 Thanks to Sarah Chinn, Amanda French, Jonathan Katz, Peter Wosh, and the three anonymous reviewers for their comments on earlier drafts of this article. Report from the Field OutHistory.org: An Experiment in LGBTQ Community History-Making Lauren Jae Gutterman AAbbssttrraacctt: This article describes OutHistory.org, the public Web site on lesbian, gay, bi- sexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) history hosted by the Center for Lesbian and Gay Studies (CLAGS) at the City University of New York, Graduate Center. OutHistory .org uses MediaWiki software to compile community-created histories of LGBTQ life in the U.S. and make the insights of LGBTQ history broadly accessible. Project Coordinator Lauren Gutterman explains how the public history project employs digital history to col- lect, advance, and project LGBTQ history, and how it serves as a model for other inter - active history Web sites. KKeeyy wwoorrddss:: digital history, public history, LGBTQ history, homosexuality, MediaWiki In their 1994 study of the way we understand and make use of the past, Roy Rosenzweig and David Thelen found that gay Americans have an in- creasing desire to learn about their history. These Americans see history as capable of teaching them not only about themselves, but also about the po- tential for political transformation. Studying the struggle for gay liberation can, as one of Rosenzweig and Thelen’s survey respondents explained, demonstrate TPH 32-4 11/30/10 4:32 PM Page 96 D ow nloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/tph/article-pdf/32/4/96/633531/tph_2010_32_4_96.pdf by U niversity of Texas at El Paso user on 07 Septem ber 2023 1. Roy Rosenzweig and David Thelen, The Presence of the Past: Popular Uses of History in American Life (New York: Columbia University, 1998), 120. 2. Mike Wallace discusses the problems museums face in securing funding for exhibits on homosexuality among other “taboo” topics in “Museums and Controversy” in his book, Mickey Mouse History and Other Essays on American Memory (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996), 116–29. 3. This basic biographical information is available in the biographical note in the finding aid of the Jonathan Ned Katz Papers at the New York Public Library. Katz’s unpublished plays on OUTHISTORY.ORG � 97 “the power of change and progressive thinking.”1 At a time when the gay past is typically ignored in public schools and neglected in major museums, the Internet can serve as a crucial public source of this history.2 OutHistory.org, a freely accessible Web site concerning lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) U.S. history, is attempting to do just that. Using MediaWiki software, OutHistory.org is a combination online ency- clopedia, museum, and archive to which any user can contribute. The site fea- tures both collaboratively created, continually evolving articles—like those on Wikipedia—and completed exhibits created by scholars, students, activists, archivists, and others. The Center for Lesbian and Gay Studies (CLAGS) at the City University of New York, Graduate Center, the nation’s first university- based research center devoted to LGBTQ Studies, hosts the site. In this ar- ticle I describe how this Web site brings together the fields of LGBTQ history, digital history, and public history and how it compares to similar projects. Out- History.org can serve as a model for other interactive history Web sites, what- ever their focus, and in the second part of this article I chart OutHistory.org’s development so that other public historians can learn from its challenges and successes. At the Intersection: LGBTQ History, Digital History, and Public History Independent scholar and pioneering gay historian Jonathan Ned Katz founded OutHistory.org in 2003. Katz was one of the first researchers to in- sist that homosexuality had a history, and he did so without the accreditation and institutional support afforded to scholars within academia. In the early 1970s, Katz was working as a textile designer in New York City while writing books and plays on African American history—an interest his father, a noted jazz expert, had helped inspire. While coming to terms with his sexual orien- tation and getting involved in the gay liberation movement, Katz became in- terested in the history of homosexuality. Stirred by historian Martin Duber- man’s documentary play In White America, Katz wrote Coming Out! an agitprop theatre piece composed of historical documents, which the Gay Ac- tivists Alliance first staged in 1972. The attention the play garnered helped Katz secure a contract for Gay American History: Lesbians and Gay Men in the U.S.A., published in 1976.3 TPH 32-4 11/30/10 4:32 PM Page 97 D ow nloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/tph/article-pdf/32/4/96/633531/tph_2010_32_4_96.pdf by U niversity of Texas at El Paso user on 07 Septem ber 2023 African American history include Inquest at Christiana and The Dispute over the Ownership of Anthony Burns. For his books on African American history, see Bernard and Jonathan Katz,Black Woman: A Fictionalized Biography of Lucy Terry Prince (New York: Pantheon, 1973); and Jonathan Katz, Resistance at Christiana: The Fugitive Slave Rebellion, Christiana, Pennsylvania, 1851 (New York: Crowell, 1974); and Gay American History: Lesbians and Gay Men in the U.S.A. (New York: Crowell, 1976). 4. Jonathan Ned Katz, Gay/Lesbian Almanac: A New Documentary (New York: Harper & Row, c. 1983); Jonathan Ned Katz, The Invention of Heterosexuality (New York: Dutton, 1995); Jonathan Ned Katz, Love Stories: Sex Between Men Before Homosexuality (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001). For a these and other early LGBTQ community history efforts, see Lisa Duggan, “History’s Gay Ghetto: The Contradictions of Growth in Lesbian and Gay History,” in Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig, The Presence of the Past: Essays on History and the Public (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1986), 281–90. 5. The Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender History, http://www.clgbthis- tory.org (accessed January 19, 2010); Society of American Archivists Lesbian and Gay Round- table, Lavender Legacies Guide, http://www.archivists.org/saagroups/ lagar/guide/index.html (ac- cessed January 19, 2010). 6. Foucault was the first to identify such a shift. See Michel Foucault, The History of Sexu- ality, vol. I, An Introduction, trans. Robert Hurley (New York: Pantheon, 1978). 98 � THE PUBLIC HISTORIAN Like other social historians and proponents of public history in the 1970s and 1980s, Katz aimed to expand history’s scope to include the lives of op- pressed people, to democratize the practice of history, and to use the past as a tool in mobilizing change. Katz was not the only activist concerned with pre- serving and publicizing gay and lesbian history. Joan Nestle, Deborah Edel, and others founded the Lesbian Herstory Archives in 1975; in 1979 Allan Bérubé began traveling to local gay community spaces across the country and presenting a slideshow on women who lived as men in nineteenth-century San Francisco. In many ways, OutHistory.org is a continuation of the project Katz and other LGBTQ public historians began decades ago. The site en- courages people to consider how understandings of sexuality are historically specific, brings sources about LGBTQ history to light, and empowers people beyond the academic world to preserve and write history themselves.4 Since Katz published Gay American History, LGBTQ U.S. history has be- come an accepted field of academic study. In 1982 the American Historical Association recognized the Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans- gender History (CLGBTH) as an official affiliate. The University of Chicago Press began publishing the Journal of the History of Sexuality in 1990, and three years later the Journal of American History created new subject cate- gories to highlight recent articles and dissertations on sexuality and gay and lesbian history. Several university presses established publication series focused on the study of sexuality, including LGBTQ history. The CLGBTH’s Web site lists more than one hundred dissertations on the history of sexuality since 1978, and The Society for American Archivists’ Gay and Lesbian Archives Round- table has identified LGBTQ archives and collections in most U.S. states.5 Several key debates and themes have emerged over the past few decades in the field of LGBTQ history. Much of the scholarship in the field has sought to elucidate why and how modern gay and lesbian identities coalesced at the turn of the twentieth century.6 While some historians have pointed to broad TPH 32-4 11/30/10 4:32 PM Page 98 D ow nloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/tph/article-pdf/32/4/96/633531/tph_2010_32_4_96.pdf by U niversity of Texas at El Paso user on 07 Septem ber 2023 7. For examples of these competing explanations, see George Chauncey, Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture and The Making of the Gay Male World 1890–1940 (New York: Basic, 1994); John D’Emilio, “Capitalism and Gay Identity,” in Powers of Desire: The Politics of Sexu- ality, ed. Ann Snitow, Christine Stansell, and Sharon Thompson (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1983), 100–13; Lillian Faderman, Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers: A History of Lesbian Life in Twentieth-Century America (New York: Columbia University Press, 1991). 8. For discussions of mid-twentieth-century gay activism, and the forces behind it, see Allan Bérubé, Coming Out Under Fire: The History of Gay Men and Women in World War II (New York: The Free Press, 1990); John D’Emilio, Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities: The Making of a Homosexual Minority in the United States, 1940–1970 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983); David K. Johnson, The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004); Marcia Gallo, Different Daughters: A History of the Daughters of Bilitis and the Rise of the Lesbian Rights Movement (New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2006). 9. For examples of urban histories of LGBTQ life, see Nan Alamilla Boyd, Wide-Open Town: A History of Queer San Francisco to 1965 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003); Chauncey, GayNew York; Lillian Faderman and Stuart Timmons, Gay L. A.: A History of Sexual Outlaws, Power Politics, And Lipstick Lesbians (New York: Basic Books, 2006); Elizabeth Lapovsky Kennedy and Madeline D. Davis, Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold: The History of a Lesbian Community (New York: Routledge, 1993); Marc Stein, City of Brotherly and Sisterly Loves: Lesbian and Gay Philadelphia, 1945—1972 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000). OUTHISTORY.ORG � 99 social shifts such as industrialization and urbanization, others have highlighted the actions of specific social actors, from elite sexologists to ordinary work- ing-class men and women.7 Scholars have also examined the history of LGBTQ political resistance. Although popular knowledge holds that the gay rights movement began with the 1969 Stonewall riots, this struggle, in fact, has a much longer history. Historians have shown that the homophile move- ment of the 1950s and 1960s laid critical groundwork for 1970s gay libera- tion, and even before mid-century, gender and sexual “deviants” developed community networks, claimed public space, asserted their rights, and con- tested ideas that they were abnormal or “sick.”8 Some of the earliest works in this field took on a national scope, but many historians have since focused on LGBTQ community-formation and resistance in particular U.S. cities, such as New York, Buffalo, Philadelphia, and San Francisco.9 OutHistory.org is contributing to these and other important discussions in LGBTQ history. The site includes documents from Katz’s out-of-print Gay American History and Gay/Lesbian Almanac testifying to the existence of sex between men before the invention of homosexuality in the colonial period, and women who passed as men before the contemporary conception of trans- gender identity. Many Americans believe that homosexuals were invisible be- fore the 1970s. Collector Marshall Weeks’ early-twentieth century postcards featuring masculine women and feminine men, however, suggest otherwise. The site provides abundant evidence of LGBTQ political organizing through anthropologist C. Todd White’s exhibit about homophile groups in the 1950s and 1960s, photographer Ron Schlittler’s exhibit on openly gay and lesbian politicians, scanned copies of the Gay Liberation Front’s Come Out! maga- zine, the Lesbian Herstory Archive’s collection of lesbian political buttons, and an undergraduate-created exhibit on queer youth activism since World War II. Although much of LGBTQ history centers around the lives of white, TPH 32-4 11/30/10 4:32 PM Page 99 D ow nloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/tph/article-pdf/32/4/96/633531/tph_2010_32_4_96.pdf by U niversity of Texas at El Paso user on 07 Septem ber 2023 10. The Center for History and New Media, http://chnm.gmu.edu/ (accessed January 19, 2010). 11. The National Council on Public History, http://ncph.org/cms/?page_id=4 (accessed Jan- uary 19, 2010). 100 � THE PUBLIC HISTORIAN gay men and women, OutHistory.org’s content extends well beyond this pop- ulation. For example, the site features New York Gender Rights Advocacy chair Pauline Park’s article about the recent campaign for a transgender rights law in New York City, as well as primary materials describing gender trans- gression, same-sex sexual expression, and gay rights activism among Native Americans. As LGBTQ history gained legitimacy in the 1990s, so did the field of dig- ital history