i just need to do the result part E this is a group assignment and i was assign result and table and graph. i already did the chart . i just need 250 word or half page minimum written about the table and graph
Figure 1: Graph of the average maximum leaf length (mm) of Sorghastrum nutans experiencing a control and a heatwave treatment. Figure 2: Graph of the average maximum height (mm) of Sorghastrum nutans experiencing a control and a heatwave treatment Guidelines for Writing the Longleaf Pine Savanna Report (revised December 2018) You have not done science until you have presented your data and interpretations in a way that is usable by your colleagues. There is a big leap between conducting a research project (collecting and analyzing data) and communicating your findings to a research community. Additionally, scientific writing is different from creative writing. There are strict format rules to follow - rules designed to make it as easy as possible for you to present your work and for your peers to understand your work. Your further development as a credible scientist and/or teacher depends upon mastering scientific writing. What follows is a format for the scientific paper for this course. This handout is organized into five sections. The first section lists general suggestions and outlines the basic format that you should use. You are responsible for writing up two variables. List the variables you have been assigned by your instructor. Assigned variables: _______________ and ________________ You must use the CLASS data (not your group data)!!! A. General Suggestions You Should Follow for Each Section: 1. Your report should contain 9 sections: 1) Title Page and Authors 2) Abstract, 3) Introduction, 4) Materials and Methods, 5) Results, 6) Discussion, 7) Acknowledgments, 8) Literature Cited, and 9) Tables and Figures. Each serves a specific function detailed below. Take great care to place the right text in the right section. Format matters. 2. Additionally, you must include your initial draft and accompanying rubric when you turn this in. 3. Use a computer to type your double-spaced report, with 1" margins along all edges. Print your report on both sides to save paper. 4. Be clear, concise and insightful with your prose. 5. Avoid anthropomorphisms, awkward phrasings, and grammatical illegalities. Proofread aloud several times. 6. Never create words (e.g. "Adaption" is not a word.) – use a dictionary. 7. 1 datum vs. 2 data. 8. "It's" = it is. The word 'its' is the possessive form of it. 9. The word "affect' is the verb, "effect" is the noun. 10. PROOFREAD AND CHECK spelling. Proofread to see that spellcheck has made the correct choices. YOU are responsible for correct spelling. 11. Define any technical term at FIRST use. 12. Do not leave large wasteful blank areas between sections, but the whole layout should be simple and visually pleasing. 13. Use ACTIVE voice most of the time, even in the Methods. For example, rather than saying, “The abstract will be the only part of your paper that will be read by the majority … (passive voice)” write “Most people will read only the abstract of your paper …(active voice).” Active voice is easier to read than passive voice and is usually less wordy. Also, it is fine to use first person in describing your methods. So forget what your English and/or high school teachers have told you about these points! 14. Regarding VERB TENSES, think about which tense should be used. Ask yourself, are you explaining what has been done in the past? Are you now drawing conclusions? Are you describing what you might do in the future? B. Specific Suggestions for the Title Page (Title, Names, and Abstract): 1. The title, your name, and the abstract should all be on ONE page. Put your group’s names in parentheses under your name. 2. The title should clearly relate to your project - be informative. 3. The Abstract should be a short summary. · Summarize your Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion sections separately in a couple of sentences devoted to each. Feel free to lift good sentences from these sections to build your Abstract. Be sure to state your hypothesis near the beginning. · In reality, most people will read only the Abstract of your paper. Therefore, tailor the prose for maximum speed, simplicity and impact. · Write your abstract last! · Max. length = 250 words. C. Specific Suggestions for the Introduction (length = 1-2 pages): 1. Start the Introduction on the second page. Introduce the general topic of the report. Provide some background for your study. Why is the general topic of the report of any interest to you and to the reader? Your job is to MOTIVATE INTEREST in the reader. 2. Write this report as though you are a scientist telling others about your project. You are NOT a student in Biol. 315. You are taking a different role here. 3. The introduction should include the rationale for the hypothesis. Here is where you should cite at least 3 published primary research articles or books that are relevant to the rationale for your hypothesis. Websites such as wiki and answers.com do not count. You must be able to give the full citation for the journal article or book in the Literature Cited section. 4. Near the end, · state the specific question that is the subject of the report. You may use a sentence such as "We investigated the effects of ...... (describe the environmental difference) on ...........(describe what you will look at). · State the hypothesis(es) that you have proposed to answer to your question as well as predictions. · State all alternate hypotheses that might answer the same question. D. Specific Suggestions for the Materials and Methods (length = 0.5 – 1 page) 1. This section describes the procedure you used to address your research question. Organize your information into paragraphs (e.g. description of species, site description, greenhouse methods, sampling methods, data analysis). Only describe the methods needed to measure YOUR ASSIGNED two varaibles. 2. Briefly describe the greenhouse. 3. Include sufficient detail for a reader to be able to duplicate your methods exactly. Omit extraneous detail (e. g., studies were carried out on Earth by Homo sapiens). 4. For every experimental design there are important implicit assumptions. State the critical one(s). 5. State how you replicated your samples for the purposes of finding statistical means and standard errors. 6. State each statistical test performed. For this experiment you should use t-tests (refer to the first clover writing assignment for details about HOW to do this and WHAT to include in the write up). 7. For each statistical test performed, state why each were used. State the independent and dependent variables for each test. [An example: I used _(fill in)__ to test the effect of _(fill in)__ on _(fill in)__. E. Specific Suggestions for the Results (length of text = 0.5 - 1 page, not including Tables and Figures). 1. Describe in words the patterns that you see in figures and/or tables showing the data. 2. Refer to the graphs parenthetically in the Results section. 3. For each statistical test, describe the results in words. State whether or not the differences/patterns are statistically significant at p = 0.05. In parentheses, state the values for t, df, P, N. Use the word "significance" or “significant” only when referring to the results of a statistical test has been conducted. F. Specific Suggestions for the Discussion (length = 1-2 pages). 1. Get a good opening sentence to remind readers about the important topic/question that you are addressing. 2. Interpret your results, i.e., evaluate your hypothesis and the alternatives. You cannot simple restate your results, you must interpret them. 3. Refer to your data to justify your conclusions. Check that the conclusions are logical. 4. In organizing the Discussion, you can discuss your results 1) in the same order as in the Results section, OR 2) by importance, i.e., first, the most important conclusion (point that you want to make), then the second most important, etc. There are two choices here. 5. Abstain from speculations that your data do not specifically support. 6. Avoid repeating methods. 7. Compare your results with those of other studies addressing the same topic/question. 8. Cite relevant literature. You might return to the papers that you cited in the Introduction and/or introduce new papers. 9. Discuss some limitations of your experiment’s ability to test your hypothesis, but do not make excuses. [NOTE: No scientist can ever PROVE a general hypotheses regarding nature. However, one can accept or reject a hypothesis with a degree of "confidence" (e.g. 95% or 99% probability). 10. Conclude your Discussion with a “Future Directions” paragraph in which you suggest the next steps if you were to expand/continue this project. For example, how might you address any limitations of your experiment? 11. Discuss how your results might inform restoration efforts. How should a restoration practitioner change his methods based on your findings? 12. Reminder: Reread and follow suggestions in Part A. Write clearly, use good English, proofread, and check spelling. G. Specific Suggestions for the Literature Cited Section: 1. The Literature Cited section should contain all references that you cite somewhere in your paper: Scarlet (1990) thought that the gene was present only in yeast, but it has since been identified in the platypus (Indigo and Mauve, 1994) and wombat (Magenta, et al., 1995). 2. Arrange references alphabetically. 3. Follow exactly the format provided in the Library Day. H. Specific Suggestions for the Acknowledgments Section: 1. Thank all whom you consulted and all who assisted you in data collection or with equipment, logistics or funding. I. Specific Suggestions for Figures and Tables: 1. All Tables and Figures should be numbered in the order in which they are first cited in the text (i.e., Table 1, Table 2, etc.). Check this before printing your final copy. 2. Each Table/Figure needs a legend. If necessary, it should clarify units of scale for axes, state how error bars are shown and what specifically the bars mean, define any symbols used. A typical legend should be about 1-4 lines. The length depends on the complexity of the figure/table. 3. Put