I have sent the question below in the word document and in the jpg. I have sent the break down of the essay topic. have a look and let me know if the photo is not clear.
PowerPoint Presentation ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education HE20510 Bachelor of Early Childhood Education and Care (Birth -5) Week 1 Lecture Terminology Nations Languages Acknowledgement and Welcome to Country ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education 1 SUBJECT DISCLAIMER For the purpose of this subject the following disclaimers are declared: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples should be aware that this subject may contain images or names of people who have passed away. The content and terminology of this subject is being guided by Narragunnawli Reconciliation in Education. The following Acknowledgement of Country is made in week 1 and carries for the duration of this subject. “We acknowledge and pay respect to the past, present and future Traditional Custodians and Elders of this nation and the continuation of cultural, spiritual and educational practices of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Ancestors have walked this country and we acknowledge their special and unique place in our nation’s historical, cultural and linguistic identity.” 2 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Terminology 3 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education NARRAGUNNAWALI TERMINOLOGY GUIDE Using respectful and inclusive language and terminology is an essential component of reconciliation and strengthening relationships between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and the wider Australian community. The ways in which we speak about reconciliation are just as important as the ways in which we act towards it; language is itself active, and can impact on attitudes, understandings and relationships in a very real and active sense. 4 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education NARRAGUNNAWALI TERMINOLOGY GUIDE Acknowledging diversity Given the diversity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures and identities across Australia, you should always seek advice from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in your local school or early learning service community regarding preferences and protocols around terminology use. While they are guidelines only, below are some recommendations for using respectful and inclusive language and terminology. Please consider these guidelines, alongside guidance from your local Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community, when preparing written messages such as your Vision for Reconciliation and Acknowledgement of Country statements, as well as in everyday communication: 5 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education NARRAGUNNAWALI TERMINOLOGY GUIDE Referring to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples It is often best practice to use ‘Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander’ when referring generally to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. ‘Aboriginal’ (and less commonly accepted variants such as ‘Aboriginals’ or ‘Aborigines’) alone is also not inclusive of the diversity of cultures and identities across Australia, for which reason it should be accompanied by ‘peoples’ in the plural. Similarly, as a stand-alone term, ‘Aboriginal’ is not inclusive of Torres Strait Islander peoples, and reference to both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples should be spelt out where the intention is to refer to all First Peoples of Australia. Pluralised reference terms such as 'First Peoples' or ‘First Nations’ are also acceptable language, and respectfully encompass the diversity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures and identities. 6 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education NARRAGUNNAWALI TERMINOLOGY GUIDE Capitalisation As capitalisation demonstrates respect, ‘Aboriginal’ and ‘Torres Strait Islander’ should always be capitalised. Capitalisation conventions are often also considered appropriate to extend to terms such as: Indigenous (see the note about the use of the term 'Indigenous' in the paragraph above, however); First Peoples/Nations/Australians; Elders; Traditional Owners/Custodians; Country (when referring to an area of land, sea and sky that is associated with a distinct group of people or First Nations community). Capitalisation can also be extended to corresponding terms such as ‘Land,’ when it is used in place of ‘Country’), as well as to the names of particular Language Groups or geo-cultural communities; Acknowledgement of Country, Welcome to Country, and the names of other cultural practices (particularly if Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander meanings or perspectives behind the words used to describe the practices – such as ‘acknowledge’ or ‘welcome’ – may be distinct to their English definitions or connotations). 7 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education NARRAGUNNAWALI TERMINOLOGY GUIDE Avoiding deficit and dichotomous language Acknowledging and addressing the historical – and often intergenerational – injustices and inequities experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples since colonisation is a critical component of reconciliation. Nevertheless, it is simultaneously imperative to acknowledge the strengths and resilience shown by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, cultures and communities in the face of discrimination, and to celebrate the continued significance of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander contributions in shaping a shared sense of national unity and identity. It is important to draw on empowering, strengths-based language, and to be careful not to perpetuate patronising or paternalistic rhetoric. Consider, for example, the difference between more deficit discourses such as “helping disadvantaged Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students,” and a more strengths-based alternative such as “providing meaningful opportunities for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students to achieve at their full potential.” 8 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education NARRAGUNNAWALI TERMINOLOGY GUIDE Avoiding deficit and dichotomous language Remember that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and cultures have survived across the Australian continent for tens of thousands of years and, as such, are not ‘in need’ of being ‘rescued’ or ‘saved.’ Reconciliation is about working collaboratively with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and their strengths, not doing things 'for them' or 'to them'. Correspondingly, reconciliation processes and aspirations should not be described through dichotomous ‘us’ and ‘them’ language, and should instead concentrate on promoting mutually respectful and genuine two-way relationships of shared significance. 9 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education For the purposes of this subject the following terminology will be used: First Peoples of Australia Indigenous People/s Aboriginal People/s Aboriginal Nation/s Torres Strait Islander People/s Torres Strait Islander Nation/s Appropriate terminology also includes: Murri (Qld, northwest NSW) Nyoongah (WA) Koori (NSW) Goori (north coast NSW) Koorie (Vic) Yolngu (Arnhem Land) Anangu (Central Australia) Palawa (Tasmania) Nunga (not always a more appropriate term)(SA) Ngarrindjeri (SA: River Murray, Lakes, Coorong people) Torres Strait Island Peoples Murray Island Peoples Mer Island Peoples 10 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Nations - First Peoples of Australia 11 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Nations - First Peoples of Australia Aboriginal People inhabit the whole of Australia, and Torres Strait Islander People live on the Islands between Australia and Papua New Guinea. There were over 500 different clan groups or 'nations' around the continent, many with distinctive cultures, beliefs and languages. "Today, it is estimated 798,365 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were in Australia, representing 3.3% of the total Australian population” (AIHW, 2019) https://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/our-country/our-people https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-welfare/profile-of-indigenous-australians 12 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education “The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of Australia is projected to reach 1 million by 2028, according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics" (ABS, 2019). "Although younger than the general population, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of Australia is ageing. The proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander persons aged 65 years and over is projected to double from 4 per cent in 2016 to 8 per cent in 2031" (ABS, 2019). "The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population living in Major Cities is projected to grow by 2.5 per cent, compared with 2.0 per cent in Inner and Outer Regional Areas and 0.7 per cent in Remote and Very Remote Areas“ (ABS, 2019). Nations - First Peoples of Australia 13 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Country and Nation are terms, meaning the area of land, river and sea that is the traditional land of each First Peoples of Australia Nations language group or community. Before colonisation there were hundreds of different First Peoples of Australia nations/countries across Australia. Each nation/country had their own ‘lore’, customs and languages. Nations - First Peoples of Australia 14 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education When First Peoples of Australia use the English word 'Country' it is meant in a special way. For First Peoples of Australia, the culture, nature and land are all linked. It is a source of knowledge, lore, science, spirituality, belief, cultural practice, family and identity. First Peoples of Australia communities have a cultural connection to the land, which is based on each community's distinct culture, traditions and lores. http://www.visitmungo.com.au/aboriginal-country The Little Red Yellow Black Book p21 Nations - First Peoples of Australia 15 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education “To not know your country causes a painful disconnection, the impact of which is well documented in studies relating to health, wellbeing and life outcomes... It is this knowledge that enables me to identify who I am, who my family is, who my ancestors were and what my stories are. We are indistinguishable from our country which is why we fight so hard to hang on.” (Liddle, 2015) 16 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education A map of Aboriginal Peoples Nations in Australia 17 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Aboriginal Peoples Nations The map is an attempt to represent the language, tribal or nation groups of the Aboriginal peoples of Australia (AIATSIS, 2020). Aboriginal groups were included on the map based on the published resources available between 1988 and 1994 which determine the cultural, language and trade boundaries and relationships between groups (AIATSIS, 2020). There are over 500 different clan groups or 'nations' around the continent, many with distinctive cultures, beliefs and languages (Australian Government, 2020). The map was developed along with the Encyclopedia of Aboriginal Australia as part of a research project. The Encyclopedia of Aboriginal Australia is available in libraries and contains more detailed information about the groups represented on the map. 18 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education The Flag of Aboriginal Peoples in Australia 19 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education The Flag of Aboriginal Peoples in Australia The flag was designed by Harold Thomas, a Luritja man of Central Australia, and was first flown on National Aboriginal Day in Adelaide in 1971. Gary Foley, a Gumbaynggirr man of north-east New South Wales and an Aboriginal Rights activist, took the flag to the East Coast where it was promoted in Sydney and Melbourne. In 1972 the flag became more prolific when it was chosen as the official flag for the Aboriginal Embassy in front of Parliament House in Canberra. 20 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education The Flag of Aboriginal Peoples Nations in Australia Symbolic meaning of the flag The flag consists of a coloured rectangle divided in half horizontally, the upper half black and lower red. A yellow circle sits at the centre of the rectangle. The designer Harold Thomas says the colours of the flag represent the Aboriginal people of Australia, the red ochre colour of earth and a spiritual relation to the land and the sun, the giver of life and protector. 21 ECCWC401A: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education A map of