HTP 1105, Fall 2021 -- Instructor: Dr. Feist – Critical Thinking Assignment This assignment is based...

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HTP 1105, Fall 2021 -- Instructor: Dr. Feist – Critical Thinking Assignment This assignment is based on the readings and lectures in Module 1, Critical Thinking.  (Arguments/Fallacies/Belief.)This assignment is worth 10% of the grade I assign you.  (This translates into 7.5% of the final grade in the course.)The assignment is due:   SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2, 10:00 PM.--No extensions without a doctor’s note.--Late submissions immediately lose 15% and then are further penalized 15%/day.Instructions: (Follow these carefully.  You will lose marks if you do not.)Submit as a Word file (No PDFs. Incorrect file format loses 15%.)  Submit your file to the Critical Thinking Exercises Drop Box on BSpace.  (Incorrect folder submission loses 15%.)Name your file as follows:   “first name, last name, HTP 1105, fall 2021, Assignment 1”. (Incorrectly named files lose 15%.)Complete all questions in all 5 parts of the assignment.  Marks are in bold. You will be graded on content and on writing.   For instance, (2/1) means 2 marks for content and 1 for writing.  There are a total of 86 marks on the assignment.Use the marks awarded per question as a guide to how long your answer should be.  There is no need to pad answers.  Write as clearly and concisely as you can.  For example, if the question is straightforward and worth a mark or two, your answer should be a sentence or two.  This assignment is designed to be done in 2 to 3 hours maximum.  Use that to budget your time and deciding how long your answers should be.HTP 1105, Fall 2021, Critical Thinking Assignment, Dr. FEISTPage 1 of 3Faculté dephilosophieFaculty ofPhilosophyPart I:  Short Answer Questions (15 marks total)1.  What are the 2 main parts of an argument? (2/1)2.  Explain what “validity” means. (2/1)3.  Explain trivial validity. (2/1)4.  Explain soundness. (2/1)5.  Explain trivial soundness. (2/1)Part II: Fallacies—Identification  (32 marks total)Each of the following is a fallacy.  For each, name the fallacy (English terms are acceptable) and explain your answer.7.  Joe must be guilty since he cannot show that he is innocent. (3/1)8.  Joe must be wrong since he is quite loathsome. (3/1)9.  Einstein was great at physics; he would be a great basketball team coach.  (3/1)10.  That book contains all truths; it says so on the first page.  (3/1)11.  I was very stressed by that logic assignment so I should get a good grade. (3/1)12.  It seems strange to me but everyone else thinks it is just fine so I guess that I am wrong.  (3/1)13.  Either you agree with me or you’re insane.  (3/1)14.  I drank a lot of rum and coke then became sick.  I drank a lot of vodka and ginger ale then became sick.  It must be the pop that is making me sick.  (3/1)Part III: Critical Thinking—An Application to Ethics  (6 marks total)15. What is cultural relativism in ethics? (1/1)16.  Do you agree with cultural relativism?  Why is it problematic?  Is it possible to demonstrate that it is true or false?  Explain your answers.  (3/1)Part IV:  Belief   (8 marks total)17.  Explain the mental state theory of belief and the behavioural theory of belief.  What are the problems of each?  What do you think that a belief is?  Defend your answer.  (6/2)HTP 1105, Fall 2021, Critical Thinking Assignment, Dr. FEISTPage 2 of 3Part V:  Essay Question --  500-700 words  (15/10)The concept of free speech has become quite controversial in recent times.  Some argue that it should be preserved at all costs, regardless of how offensive it may be whereas others argue that it is perfectly legitimate to suppress offensive speech.  Using our discussions of arguments, fallacies, cultural relativism and tolerance, take a stand on free speech and argue for or against it.(Supplementary Note:  The task here is for you to take a clear stand on the issue of free speech as well as articulate what you think that it is.  I am looking for clarity of expression of view as well as the coherency and consistency of the defence of it.  I am NOT looking for a particular viewpoint. I am looking to see if you can construct an argument for a positi

Neha · Accepted Answer

Part 1
The most important part of the argument is claim and supporting points. The claim shows primary argument which we are making is in essay. The argumentative play is always debatable. Most of the claims appear in the first few paragraphs of the persuasive essay. The strong claim should take a stand, explains the main idea clearly, be specific and clarify the relevance of the argument. Second part is supporting points. It offers different reasons why the audience should accept the claim and supportive points are used to directly address the claim.
Validity helps to identify whether the argument is valid or not. The argument can be valid if and only if it is required that if all of the premises are true then the conclusion will be true. If the premises are true than the conclusion should be true it is not possible if all the premises are true at the new pollution becomes false.
The arguments which are valid because they are having contradiction in premises or tautology for the conclusion then it will be known as the trivial valid.
Soundness can be defined as the property of the arguments and statements. The argument is valid and all the statements are true that this situation is known as the soundness.
The trivial soundness can be defined as a situation in which the statements and arguments are valid, and the argument is able to know as the trivial then it can we find us with trivial soundness.
Part 2
Joe must be guilty since he cannot show that he is innocent.
Missing the point is most relevant fallacy for this statement. 
Joe must be wrong since he is quite loathsome.
Fallacies of presumption says that people can make assumptions and take decisions on its basis. 
Einstein was great at physics; he would be a great basketball team coach.  
Fallacies of presumption fits this condition. People knows that Einstein was great at physics so they assumed that he might become great basketball team coach.
That book contains all truths; it says so on the first page. 
Dependency means that the book claims on the first page about the truth, so it has truth only. 
I was very stressed by that logic assignment so I should get a good grade.
Equivalency is used when premise and conclusion are showing different manners of saying same thing. 
It seems strange to me but everyone else thinks it is just fine so I guess that I am wrong.  
Public Ownership is more dangerous. It forces the person to believe something which is accepted by most of them. 
Either you agree with me or you’re insane.  
Dependency is on the first person in this statement.

HTP 1105, Fall XXXXXXXXXXInstructor: Dr. Feist – Critical Thinking Assignment This assignment is based on the readings and lectures in Module 1, Critical Thinking. (Arguments/Fallacies/Belief.)This...

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