How do we know when a grammar is not LL(1)? What is the handle of a right sentential form? 38. Explain the significance of the characteristic finite-state machine in LR parsing. What is the...

How do we know when a grammar is not LL(1)? What is the handle of a right sentential form? 38. Explain the significance of the characteristic finite-state machine in LR parsing. What is the significance of the dot (.) in an LR item? What distinguishes the basis from the closure of an LR state?