Answer To: HMG7950 Research Methods in Public Health Assessment 2 Topic: Research Proposal Value: 40% of final...
Soumi answered on Jun 03 2021
TYPE 2 DIABETES AMONG WOMEN (25-64) AND CHILDREN (BELOW 18) AMONG ABORIGINAL POPULATION IN AUSTRALIA
Table of Contents
1. Introduction 3
1.1 Context 3
1.2 Background of Problem 3
1.3 Statement of problem 4
1.4 Thesis 4
2. Literature Review 4
2.1 Type-2 Diabetes 4
2.2 Impact of diabetes 5
2.3 Aboriginal culture 5
2.4 Social identity theory 6
2.5 Rationale 6
3. Research Question and Hypothesis 7
3.1 Research Aim 7
3.2 Research Objectives 7
3.3 Research Questions 7
4. Methodology 8
4.1 Research Outline 8
4.2 Research Philosophy 8
4.3 Research Approach 8
4.4 Research Design 8
4.5 Research Method 8
4.6 Sample Size and Sample Selection Process 9
4.7 Data Collection and Analysis 9
5. Discussion and Significance of Research 9
5.1 Result and Discussion 9
5.2 Significance of Research 9
5.3 Conclusion 10
6. Ethical Considerations 10
7. Research Plan 10
References 11
Appendix: Timeline 13
1. Introduction
1.1 Context
The lifestyle, culture, living habits and religious practices of indigenous population of Australia has been different from non-indigenous population. It has been seen that this indigenous population is more vulnerable to diseases as compare to other population of the country. There is lack of education, health literacy, poverty and unemployment, the concern related to health issues are relatively higher in indigenous population as they are suffering from the diseases and infections, which are eradicated from the country in long gone past. In Melbourne, where indigenous population is higher relative to other places in the country has seen that the ratio of type-2 diabetes in women and children of indigenous population. In the current proposal, the framework is laid down for the mini thesis.
1.2 Background of Problem
The background for this research investigation is to identify the cause of type-2 diabetes in aboriginal women and children living in Melbourne. Currently, diabetes is a global burden in healthcare. There is significant increase in the cases of diabetes in the world. Diabetes reduces the quality of life of the individual significantly. It has been seen that the cases of diabetes in women and children of Aboriginal population is relatively very high. This is a pressing concern as this disease has resultant into significantly poor quality of life. To be specific, since there is a lack of health awareness and health literacy among indigenous population.
Since there is lack of knowledge about the preventions, treatment and precautions related to the disease, indigenous population failed to take care of their health, and thus, the cases of diabetes are significantly higher in this population. Since there is an evident difference between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders and non-indigenous population, there are many evidences, which proved that despite of closing the gap initiative started by the government, or close the gap campaign, there is no significant improvement in the condition of the indigenous population especially in context of health.
As suggested by Wylie and McConkey (2019), there has been many significant evidences, which proved that indigenous population is facing significant amount of discrimination and biasness towards them. Aboriginal population face many advantages due to their living standard, which lowers the standard of living of indigenous population. It has been seen that the indigenous population living in urban areas have poor housing condition and low quality of eating habits, which make their life further low.
On contrary, as noted by Ashworth (2018), there has been existence of cultural conflict and prejudice in Aboriginal population that prevent them to take advantage of the existing healthcare facilities like use of vaccination. The lack of awareness of healthcare services along with the cultural conflict results in worsening of the condition. It is necessary to address the health issues of this population due to increase in their low quality of life and significant rise in the cases of the diseases mostly in children and women. Identification of probable reason, which has increased the cases of diabetes in Aboriginal population, is necessary to improve the condition of these people. This following research proposal would provide the probable solutions to the problem and help in assessing the level of severity of the problem in the population.
1.3 Statement of problem
The main problem related to this research topic is the increase in cases of type-2 diabetes in Aboriginal women and children mainly in urban areas. From living condition to the literacy rate and employment, there is significant generation gap between the indigenous and non-indigenous population of Australia. The disease increases the gap in context of the quality of life. There is lack of proper research, which provides the insight of diabetes in Aboriginal population. Discrimination, cultural prejudice, and low health literacy rate are responsible for high rate of diabetes in indigenous population. The lack of health awareness related to the control and prevention among the people make it difficult to control the disease. Thus, significant amount of work needs to be done in this area.
1.4 Thesis
Despite the significant measures taken by government to improve the healthcare and quality of life of Aboriginal population, yet cases of diabetes is very high in women and children of Aboriginal population.
2. Literature Review
2.1 Type-2 Diabetes
As suggested by Knowler et al. (2002), Type-2 diabetes is a chronic disease that hindered the function of glucose metabolism of the body. Type 2 diabetes results in resistance against effect of insulin. Insulin is a hormone, which regulated the cellular movement of glucose. As noted by Holman et al (2008), diabetes prevents the production of insulin in the body, which is necessary for maintaining normal glucose level of the body. Usually type-2 diabetes had been common in adult population but recently, it has been seen in children frequently due to their poor eating habit. This disease cannot be cure completely but it can be controlled by various means like losing weight, eating healthy food, and regular exercise. If eating well and exercise failed to manage the disease, then medication and insulin therapy is helpful in controlling the disease. As noted by Marso et al. (2016), the sign and symptoms of diabetes are not instant, there are gradually slow to display the signs of the disease. Increased thirst, fatigue, blurred vision, weight loss, and slow-healing sores are some of symptoms, which are common in all the people suffering from diabetes. As suggested by Neal et al. (2017), there are many causes of the disease. This disease can occur due to genetic as well as environmental factors. Genetic factor includes transferring of diseases as a hereditary disease, and environmental factor such as obesity and inactiveness.
2.2 Impact of diabetes
As mentioned by Trikkalinou, Papazafiropoulou and Melidonis (2017), diabetes is responsible for lowering of quality of life of the individual. Person suffering from the disease have struggle with healing. Body takes time in healing when is injured. As suggested by Verma et al. (2017), diabetes is a chronic disease, which led to the depression in the people suffering from the disease. There is certain type of people who are at high risk of the disease. These risk factors include people suffering from overweight, high fat storage at the abdomen increases the risk of diabetes. People who are very inactive become vulnerable to disease as physical activity use the body glucose, genetics of the individual and certain race like Asian-American, American Indian, black and Hispanic face the vulnerability.
People above the age of 45 are mostly vulnerable...