hMedia analysis of a contemporary health issue - Research report
HSH313 AT1 Marking and Feedback Rubric 1 Criterion Exceeds expected standard Expected standard Minimum standard Below standard Starting % 80 Starting % 60 Starting % 50 Starting % 0 Introduction and conclusion Introduction provides a compelling overview of the topic. Report context and purpose are strong, specific, and well-defined. Conclusion summarises all key points and provides insightful reflections and implications. (8-10 points) Introduction is clear and interesting. Report context and purpose are clear and demonstrate a good understanding of the topic. Conclusion summarises all key points and provides clear reflections. (6-7.5 points) Introduction demonstrates a basic understanding of the topic. Conclusion provides a basic summary of key points. (5-5.5 points) Outline of report in the introduction is unclear or incomplete. Summary in the conclusion is unclear or incomplete. (0-4.5 points) Points 10 Background Account of the health issue and/or population group is comprehensive and highly relevant to the rationale. A wide range of high quality and credible literature is well-integrated. (16-20 points) Account of the health issue and/or population group is clear, relevant to the rationale, and supported by relevant literature. (12-15.5 points) Account of some aspects of the health issue and/or population group relevant and with reference to literature. (10-11.5 points) Account of the health issue and/or population group is unclear or incomplete. (0-9.5 points) Points 20 Method Succinctly recounts all methods used to locate 10 news articles, including search plan and databases. Method of analysis detailed and well- justified by relevant evidence/literature. Appendix includes all news articles. (8-10 points) Clearly describes methods used to locate 10 news articles, including search plan and databases. Method of analysis clear and well- supported by relevant evidence/literature. Appendix includes all news articles. (6-7.5 points) Outlines methods used to locate 10 news articles, including some keywords and some databases searched. Some discussion of the method of analysis, drawing on evidence/literature. Appendix includes all news articles. (5-5.5 points) Discussion of the methods used to locate news articles and/or the analysis method unclear or incomplete. Appendix unclear or incomplete. (0-4.5 points) Points 10 Results All data is accurately and precisely reported. Relevant key themes are identified, accurately interpreted, and concisely explained. (16-20 points) All relevant data is accurately reported. Key themes clearly discussed and explained. (12-15.5 points) Most of the relevant data is reported. Key themes are discussed and some explanation is provided. (10-11.5 points) Findings from the analysis and/or themes unclear or incomplete. (0-9.5 points) Points 20 HSH313 AT1 Marking and Feedback Rubric 2 Note: This assessment task is worth 50% of your overall grade in HSH313. Criterion Exceeds expected standard Expected standard Minimum standard Below standard Starting % 80 Starting % 60 Starting % 50 Starting % 0 Discussion Discussion is clearly and logically structured and provides a thorough analysis of the results that thoughtfully captures the key themes and integrates them seamlessly into theory and literature. The significance and health implications of findings are clearly articulated and well-justified with appropriate evidence. Discussion explains strengths and limitations of the study and proposes solutions, demonstrating strong critical thinking ability. (24-30 points) Discussion is clear and detailed, identifying the key themes and describing how they relate to the theory and literature. Provides a thoughtful and well- justified interpretation of the health implications of findings, with reference to evidence/literature. Discussion considers study strengths and limitations, demonstrating critical thinking ability. (18-23.5 points) Discussion outlines some of the key themes with reference to theory and literature. Provides a basic overview of some of the health implications of findings with reference to evidence/literature. (15-17.5 points) Unclear or incomplete identification of key themes, and/or discussion of links with theory and literature. (0-14.5 points) Points 30 Written communication Writing is clear and concise and perfectly adheres to guidelines. It features a logical, well-structured presentation of key issues and concepts. (4-5 points) Writing is clear and adheres to guidelines with minimal errors. Presentation of key issues and concepts is logical and well- organised. (3-3.5 points) Writing is mostly clear and organised. Report adheres to word limit and is submitted according to assignment guidelines. (2.5 points) Writing can be understood. (0-2 points) Points 5 Referencing Wide range of contemporary sources used (12 or more). Citations and referencing formatted according to Deakin APA7 without any errors. (4-5 points) Range of contemporary sources used (12 or more). Citations and referencing formatted according to Deakin APA7. (3-3.5 points) Range of sources used (12 or more). Citations and referencing largely formatted according to Deakin APA7. (2.5 points) Limited and/or no sources used. Formatting not according to Deakin APA7. (0-2 points) Points 5 Total Points 100 80-100 60-79.5 50-59.5 0-49.5 HSH313 – Contemporary health Issues Week 2: Setting the agenda We will then delve into the role of the media in health through revisiting the determinants of health and looking specifically at the media landscape in Australia. To finish the week, we look at news media as a commercial determinant of health. Learning objectives: Explore the definition of contemporary health issues at the global, national and state levels. Critique and reflect on key theoretical perspectives in the study of media, culture and health. Analyse and reflect on the role of the mass media, the internet, popular culture and other forms of information in the construction of health issues and particular population groups. What is a contemporary health issue? At the global level, the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their specific health metrics, set out by the World Health Organisation (WHO), provide us with a starting point for our definition of a contemporary health issue. In line with the social determinants of health (SDoH), discussed further below, health is determined by, and intrinsic to, experiences of poverty and other deprivations, education and inequality as well as climate change. Thus, contemporary health issues span the SDGs. Australian national health issues At the country level, Australian federal government level, the National Preventive Health Strategy 2021–2030 sets out the specific priorities for Australia. In line with the SGDs, Australia's national priorities focus on building 'a sustainable prevention system for the future', including decreasing 'the burden of disease, reducing health inequity, and increasing preparedness for emerging health threats' (Department of Health, 2021, p. 3). Figure 2 (below) provides an overview of the strategy, including the vision ('to improve the health and wellbeing of all Australians at all stages of life through prevention'), principles (such as 'Empowering and supporting Australians' and 'the equity lens'), the prevention partners (such as communities and families), and aims. Figure 2. Overview of the Australia's national preventative health strategy 2021-2030 Image description: The preventative health strategic depicted in four sections [from the top] a box contains Prevention partners with an arrow to a circular depiction of the Principles and Framework for Action, two arrows lead to the Vision and Aims. From “national preventative health strategy 2021-2030, by the department of health. The Department of Health (2021, p. 8) outlines 4 aims for this strategy, including: 1. All Australians have the best start in life 2. All Australians live in good health and wellbeing for as long as possible 3. Health equity is achieved for priority populations 4. Investment in prevention is increased In this unit, we focus on those contemporary health issues relating to aim 4; health equity is achieved for priority populations. These priority populations include, but are not limited to, the following communities: · Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people · Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) · Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex and/or other sexuality and gender diverse people (LGBTQI+) · people with mental illness · people of low socioeconomic status · people with disability · rural, regional and remote Victorian state health issues At the state government level, the Victorian Department of Health (2023) and the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (VicHealth, 2023) provide the state-based priorities and 'set the agenda' for contemporary health issues. The strategic plans are discussed in turn below. The Victorian Strategic Plan 2023-27 sets out seven strategic priorities for Victorians, outlined below in Figure 3. The Victorian Department of Health (2023, p. 7) also cites their key values as: 5. Responsiveness 6. Integrity 7. Impartiality 8. Accountability 9. Respect 10. Leadership 11. Human rights We will explore key value seven, human rights, throughout the unit and look at how we can use a rights-based approach to advocate for change. The strategic priorities below (Figure 3) mirror the broader Australian priorities through their focus on improving health systems (priorities 3, 5-7) and on population groups (1, 2, & 4). Figure 3. The Victorian Department of Health's (2023) seven strategic priorities In addition, VicHealth has its own strategy which stems from its ‘purpose’. To reduce and eliminate barriers to good health, by working with Victorians and its communities who face the greatest systemic inequity. Figure 4: Vichealth’s 10 year strategy This contemporary approach to health focuses on the ‘causes of the causes’, placing an emphasis on the need to eliminate barriers, the impact of shifting environments, and changing social systems in order to improve the health and wellbeing of Victorians. As with both the SDGs and the national strategy, Vichealth highlights that: · “health outcomes are not equitable and they are significantly informed by the social determinants of health and the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, play and age... this is a strategy for all victorians but has a focus on those people and communities who face greatest systemic and structural inequity. Determinants of health Historically, health has been conceptualized as an individual’s responsibility with an emphasis placed on individual’s behavior, actions and motivations, however: · “it is widely recognised that there are broad contextual factors that play an integral role in determining the health of society, many of which lie outside of both the health system and the control of individuals.” it is these 'wider determinants that have contributed to the preventable and unfair gap between different socioeconomic positions, genders, locations, and ethnicities or races' (Department of Health, 2021, p. 13). Given the emphasis placed on these determinants across the strategies, we will continue to focus on how the media plays a role in enabling or constraining these factors. News media: A commercial determinant of health News media is arguably a commerical determinant of health, where a commercial determinant of health is one where a corporate entity can influence on health. Even et al 2024, suggests the work of the news media can be viewed as a set of commercial forces shaping health and equity. · Suggests the news media industry has two key components: traditional news media, including print and broadcast news media companies, groups, institutions, and conglomerates (and online news websites that developed mostly from these) · Social media, consisting various applications based on web technologies, offering the production, sharing and exchange of content among users. Examples of social media include meta platforms like Facebook, messenger, instagram, twitter, youtube and tiktok. Traditional and new media differ in some characteristics – particularly in one way communication model of traditional outlets, as opposed to the two way model of social media, which allows for interaction and immediate feedback from audiences. · Focus largely on traditional news media, it is proposed news media action that can shape help through fore key features agender setting, framing, priming, and tactics of persuasion. As well as three pathways public relation activities, advertising, and economic pressures to demonstrate how the media is used by other commercial actors to affect health. HSH313 Contemporary health issues Week 1: Understanding evidence This unit uses a media case study approach to examine the media as an actor in the health