HI6008 Assignment 1 Requirements Structure All HI6008 Students Enrol in the Semester 1/2018 need to follow below Assignment structure: 1. Introduction 2. Project Objective 3. Project Scope 4....

Running head: "Racism and Crime"
"Racism and Crime"
"Racism and Crime"
Student Name
University Name
Date
Contents
"Racism and Crime"    1
1.    Introduction    3
2.    Project Objective    4
3. Project Scope    4
3.    Literature Review    4
4.    Conclusion    11
5. Reference List    13
6. Appendix    15
1. Introduction
The relationship amid crime and race in the U.S has been the subject of public debate and academic discussion for more than century. The Blacks (African Americans) have more than three times the incarceration rate than their portrayal in a general population. Studies have shown that the high proportion of minority groups in a criminal justice structure is because of to crime rates, socio-economic factors and disproportionate racial discrimination in a criminal justice structure. In the USA, the data related to crime comes from 3 main sources: law implementation agency crime statements, which are composed once-a-month by the FBI and administered yearly as Unified Crime Reports also known as UCR; and Bureau of Statistics composes victimization surveys every six months and are filed per annum. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) deals with; and self-reporting investigations [needs further explanation] The Unified Crime Report is the main resource of data for official statistics on serious crimes for example killings and homicides, supplemented by information provided by NCVS, Report research reports, the latter as the finest indicator of the actual crime rate of minor crimes such as petty theft and illicit drug abuse. These criminal data collection plans provide criminologists and sociologists with most of the statistical information that analyzes crime and its connection to race. Another type of data is which concerning prison population.
2. Project Objective
This project aims to achieve the following goals:
1) Understand how racism increases crime
2) Establish the role of racism in crime.
3) What challenges do individuals face because of the racism?
3. Project Scope
The project will explicate that the African-American criminal theory must be originated from the life experiences of black people in a stratified, stratified society. Also, the present and past African-American life experiences have shaped a common world outlook, unlike the worldviews that tell white people or other ethnic minorities.
3. Literature Review
Peterson (Peterson, 2012) describes institutionalized racism as a joint failure of organizations to provide professional and appropriate services for colour, culture, or ethnic origin. The considered institutionalized racism expected to be in the process, attitude, and behavior of racial discrimination in specific ethnic groups. Peterson’s conceptualization of institutionalized discrimination was based upon his improper investigation of a murder of Stephen Lawrence, a black boy and died in ethnically motivated attacks on 5 white boys. When he and a friend waited for the bus in the United States and later bled to death, Stephen Lawrence was stabbed by the boys. Although a small number of suspects testified to police after the incident, it was discovered that inactive efforts were made by the cops to run after the accused and arrest them (Peterson, 2012). Therefore, Peterson investigated the conceivable explanations of this unprofessional act, and he found that police, the prosecutor's office and the court had the prejudice in the handling of the case, as they had done little to trace the evidence, in addition, prosecute the perpetrators. Therefore, the results of this investigation informed McPherson’s verdict that police, prosecutors, and courts institutionalized racism against ethnic and blacks minorities (Peterson, 2012). Also, (Dixon & Williams, 2014), and other authors also believe that there are structures of sexual racism criminal justice system. Some suggested features include police lop-sided cessation plus hunt duties for ethnic and black subgroup, over-representation of ethnic and blacks subgroups in a prison population, also, insufficient performance of black and ethnic minority workers in the police department, prosecutors and courts. The institutional racism is described by the systemic bias, that is most obvious in discrepancy treatment that numerous ethnic groups take inside a system (Banton, 2013). Also, the contemporary British study of institutionalized racism explores the manners in which identity and race influence practices of diverse ethnic subgroups due to the discrimination they bear in culture (Banton, 2013). (Banton, 2013) believes in a way through which the ethnic subgroups are influenced by their status is through prejudice practices with a criminal justice structure. In the same way, other writers such as (Dyer, 2016), (Perelman, 2017), and (Walsh & Yun, 2011) believe in the presence of indirect and direct forms of the discrimination in an offence justice system that mark ethnic minority practices and show them systems Racism. Police stations in Wales and the United States employ a series of procedures designed to monitor the population to limit an eruption of misconduct and ensure order and law. One common way of monitoring the populace is through utilization of stop as well as search programs so that they can screen individuals for whom they suspect unusual intentions.
Uneven usage of search and cessation: The uneven aiming of ethnic and black’s subgroups in the cessation and search of daily operations is the institutional racism in the offender justice system in Wales and the United States. If necessary, the U.S. and Welsh police stations have the right to discontinue searching personnel before the arrest. Some common search and stop controls that it performs includes Section 60 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act of 1984 (PACE) and the 1994 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act (CJPOA). The first part of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act is most frequently utilized controls. It allows police to pause and conduct a vehicle search and people to look for the prohibited or stolen substances which can...