Essay Question: Please respond to the following prompt in a 3-5 page, double spaced essay. Please make sure that you acknowledge all outside sources that you utilize – there is no need to formally...

Hi I need to respond to this essay question with just 4 pages double space. I attached the document with more details, and the book where you can find information about the question and another file of lecture slides just to see more examples for the question.


Essay Question: Please respond to the following prompt in a 3-5 page, double spaced essay. Please make sure that you acknowledge all outside sources that you utilize – there is no need to formally cite (MLA, APA etc.), author name and journal/book title will suffice. [To cite lectures you can use (Goodridge, lecture 4A)] 1.Critically discuss Catherine Beecher and her role in the rise of American public education: what made her notable? PowerPoint Presentation From Reconstruction into the 20th Century Last Class ▪ 3 eras of Reconstruction ▪ Plessy V. Ferguson ▪ Civil War Amendments (13,14,15) ▪ Warren Article & the 1867, Board of Education ▪ Red Summer of 1919 ▪ De Jure v De Facto Segregation Susan B Anthony & Elizabeth Cady Stanton: A New Type ▪ Beginnings of the women’s rights movement ▪ 1848 Seneca Falls Convention ▪ Declaration of Sentiments ▪ A departure from Catherine Beecher – never sought equal footing with men. ▪ Beecher judged antiquated/foolish by Stanton ▪ “we hold these truths to be self-evident…” ▪ Equal pay ▪ Access to marital property ▪ Child custody The Historical White Male Problem ▪ Throughout the history of advancement white men have worked to undercut women and minorities ▪ Stanton’s battle with male officials regarding advancement ▪ Anna Cooper’s battle with White males in Washington DC alarmed over a rising black intellectual generation at the M School in 1901 ▪ Booker T Washington having to hide young women learning classics & algebra from white donors wanting them to learn nothing but domestic skills/field labor A Manufactured Divide ▪ The 14th Amendment and voting rights ▪ Fracture point between Women’s Rights and abolitionists ▪ Former allies ▪ Anthony and Stanton make common cause with racists ▪ These men prefer to see women suffrage as opposed to black males Port Royal Experiment ▪ Sea Islands – off Coast of South Carolina ▪ Former Slaves given autonomy over former slave lands ▪ Teachers come to promote desire for literacy ▪ We meet Charlotte Forten ▪ African American Teacher ▪ Unlike white protestant teachers- moved by alternative to marriage ▪ Forten & other black educators had a more nuanced mandate: ▪ Knowledge ▪ Self Esteem ▪ Racial Pride Split in Black Education Philosophy ▪ Booker T Washington V. W.E. B Du Bois ▪ The Soul of Black Folk ▪ Black Reconstruction ▪ The Tuskegee Model V. “the Talented tenth” ▪ Up From Slavery **best work describing this split: James D. Anderson. The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935 The nature of Education ▪ Port Royal Experiment terminated, 1866. President Johnson returns lands to slave owners ▪ Men and women there become sharecroppers – trapped by need ▪ Henry Villard (Railway magnet) upon receiving a letter from a former student at Tuskegee ▪ Furious at the description of classics, algebra and government being taught to freedmen ▪ Should be exclusively domestic/field skills ▪ The need to create permeant underclass to serve Capitalist ends ***Bowles & Gintis. Schooling in Capitalist America Washington and Du Bois ▪ Explored issues resonate today in charter schools: ▪ Bringing the community in the school ▪ Length of school day/year ▪ “wraparound “ Services (Harlem Success Zone) ▪ Militaristic discipline (KIPP schools) North Carolina ▪ Anna Cooper – classic education in Raleigh NC ▪ Only state with roughly equal pupil funding ▪ Teachers paid roughly the same ▪ Sustaining this depended on the will of black voters ▪ 1900 fell victim to: ▪ Poll taxes ▪ Literary tests ▪ Grandfather clause ▪ Schools tax formula amended to cripple black schools ▪ Cooper leaves NC for the prestigious M Street School ▪ After much success she would be ambushed by alarmed Whites ▪ Attempt to force a more vocational track ▪ Finally succumbed to manufactured story regarding her stepson Outside forces impacting Education The Neighborhoods We Will Not Share Persistent housing segregation lies at the root of many of our society’s problems. Trump wants to make it worse. By Richard Rothstein Mr. Rothstein is the author of “The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America.” •Jan. 20, 2020 •Mid 20th C. explicit racial policies to sustain segregation •Entrenched contemporary segregation •New York Homes for returning war veterans barred African Americans •Mob violence drove black families out of housing desired by whites •These patterns have proved resilient to being reversed as the wealth gap generated by home appreciation continues to grow * All of these transgressions are Unconstitutional – Du Jure V. De Facto When Fissures appear ▪ Equity minded individuals are often turned against each other. ▪ Educational activists and the NAACP (School Choice) ▪ Historically: abolitionists & Women’s rights advocates ▪ Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois ▪ Women’s March participants ▪ Post Structuralist – Post Modernist divided Possible papers to be teased out of this era ▪ What is the legacy of Radical Reconstruction to Education policy? ▪ Regarding education, how has the south been, defined/impacted by its past? ▪ How did Charles Sumner impact the development of universal education? ▪ How did African American thinkers such as Du Bois assess the impact of Reconstruction on education? Next Class The Progressive Era