hey please only pick one of the questions and answer them and based on the material please come up with a discussion questionplease pick one and answer it
Questions for discussion:
Given your new found understanding of conscription’s status as an essential rite of passage for men in Turkey, can you identify similarly gendered rites of passage in your own society and culture? If so, how could you potentially research these rites of passage as an anthropologist?
Man Made suggests that the cultural notion of self sacrifice is an essential feature of Turkish military service, and that the acquisition of full citizenship rights is not inalienable but earned (in part) by completing conscription. Why do you think the Turkish state continues to demand this form of sacrifice from its male population? Thinking critically, what purpose do you speculate conscription serves, especially considering that Turkey has an enormous professional (non-conscript) military at its disposal?
Untitled A N TH 30 21 Th e Pr ac ti ce o f S ac ri fic e: M as cu lin it y, R el ig io n an d M ili ta ri sm W ee k 6 Dr M ax H ar w oo d De pa rt m en t o f A nt hr op ol og y, M ac qu ar ie U ni ve rs ity Le ct ur e pl an Pa rt I: O ve rv ie w o f T ur ki sh N at io na lis m a nd it s re la tio ns hi p to m as cu lin ity , m ili ta ris m a nd sa cr ifi ce . Pa rt II : A na lys is of m as cu lin e rit es o f p as sa ge a nd sa cr ifi ce : a da k ce re m on ie s, cir cu m cis io n an d th e ‘li fe cy cle ’ o f t he m al e Tu rk ish co ns cr ip t i n Ist an bu l. • Pr ot o na tio na l s er vi ce : N or th er n Eu ro pe an p ea sa nt s h ad e xp er ie nc ed th e co nc ep t o f f or ce d en lis tm en t i n th e m ili ta ry in th e ea rly 1 60 0s . • Du rin g th e Fr en ch R ev ol ut io na ry W ar s L ev eé en m as se is en ac te d in F ra nc e as an e m er ge nc y m od el o f n at io na l m ili ta ry se rv ice . • In 1 79 8, Le ve e en m as se is fo rm al ly a do pt ed in F ra nc e w ith th e Jo ur da n’ s L aw : al l s in gl e an d ch ild le ss m en b et w ee n th e ag es o f 2 0 an d 25 w er e lia bl e fo rm ili ta ry se rv ice in e xc ha ng e fo r c iti ze ns hi p. • … .W hi ch th en le d to th e ris e of La G ra nd A rm eé – Na po le on ’s le ge nd ar y de fe nc e an d in va sio n ar m y (1 80 4- 18 15 ). • Th is ‘G ra nd A rm y’ sp re ad m or e th an it s s ol di er s – gi vi ng E ur op e an d a be yo nd a ta st e of co ns cr ip tio n’ s p ow er in e m er ge nt n at io n st at es . • Th e ‘S pr in g of N at io ns ’ ( or 1 84 8 Re vo lu tio na ry W ar s) . N at io na lis m & C on sc ri pt io n (1 79 2- ) M us ta fa K em al A ta tü rk , 1 88 1- 19 38 . “O ne d ay I he ar d th at S al on ic a, th e la nd o fm y fa th er ,h ad b ee n ce de d to th e en em y, to ge th er w ith m y m ot he r, sis te r, an d al lm y re la tiv es ... on e da y I he ar d th at a b el lh ad b ee n in st al le d in th e m in ar et of th e H or ta cı S ül ey m an M os qu e, an d th at th e re m ai ns o fm y fa th er th er e ha d be en tr am pl ed u po n by th e Bil th y bo ot so ft he G re ek s.” Ap pr ox im at e tr ad iti on al b or de rs o f A na to lia (m od er n bo rd er s o ut lin ed in b la ck ) 1. O gh uz H an : fir st le ad er o f th e O gh uz T ur ks . 2. T he 1 5t h- 16 th C en tu ry T ur ki sh h is to ri an D ed e K or ku t. 3. A ta tu rk . Al le ge d m ig ra to ry ro ut es o f t he C en tr al A sia n Tu rk s a cc or di ng to th e ‘T ur ki sh H ist or y Th es is’ [W e sh ou ld st ud y] th at “v ie w fr om b el ow ”, i.e . th e na tio n as se en n ot b y go ve rn m en ts a nd th e sp ok es m en a nd a ct iv ist so fn at io na lis t( or no n- na tio na lis t) m ov em en ts ,b ut b y th e or di na ry p er so ns w ho a re th e ob je ct so ft he ir ac tio n an d pr op ag an da ,i se xc ee di ng ly di ffi cu lt to d isc ov er .” -E ric H ob sb aw m, 19 92 Tu rk ish A rm ed F or ce s ( TA F) , p ict ur ed o n pa ra de in 2 01 7 Tu rk ish S ol di er s c el eb ra tin g Ku rb an B ay ra m Fi lm in g th e af te rm at h of a n ad ak ce re m on y (P ho to :M ax H ar wo od ) Ev er y Tw el ve S ec on ds – Ti m ot hy P ac hi ra t Th e ol d Sü tlü ce M ez ba ha sı, ci rc a 19 30 Co ns cr ip t ‘ se nd o ff’ ce le br ab on s i n Tu rk ey Ty pi ca l S ün ne t( cir cu m cis io n) ce re m on ia l c os tu m es fo r b oy s i n Ist an bu l. • Ci rc um cis io n -a fo rm o f p er so na l s ac rif ice a nd b lo od le tti ng (‘ th ey ta ke a p ar t o f yo u) , r eq ui re d fo r a ll yo un g bo ys in th ei r j ou rn ey to m an ho od . • M ili ta ry se rv ice /c on sc rip tio n – bo ys le av e th e ho m e, g o to th e ba rr ac ks a nd a re ‘re m ad e’ a s s ol di er s. Th is is sy no ny m ou s w ith m an ho od , a nd is co m m on ly a pr er eq ui sit e to m ar ria ge a nd fa th er ho od . • So ld ie rs k ill ed in b at tle b ec om e m ar ty rs (Ş eh it) o f t he st at e – th is is a cu rio us in te rs ec tio n of Is la m ic rit ua l t ra di tio n an d co sm ol og y w ith th e ha rd li ne se cu la ris m o f t he Tu rk ish A rm ed F or ce s ( TA F) . Th e lif e cy cl e of th e T ur ki sh so ld ie r: