Gender Inequality 1. Explain the difference between Sex and Gender. 2. Gender differences are believed to stem from both Biological and Social/Cultural influences. Choose the one that you feel is the...

1. Explain the difference between Sex and Gender.
The World Health Organization defines sex as biologically determined characteristics, while gender is dependent on social characteristics. It is defined as how people perceive sex on the basis of self-perception, self-expression and behavior. Sex and gender, while having different significances, are frequently used in an interchangeable manner: sex refers to a variety of biological characteristics in humans and animals while gender means  The position, behaviors, manifestations and identities of girls , women, boys, people and gender varieties in society.
2. Gender differences are believed to stem from both Biological and Social/Cultural influences. Choose the one that you feel is the most influential determinant of behavior/gender roles and explain why.
In conjunction with environmental factors, basic genetic and physiological variations create behavioral and cognitive differences between males and females. Some of the factors that describe gender inequalities are sex differences in brain, sex behavior, gender orientation and gender differences in cognitive capacity. Hormones play a significant role, but they are not solely responsible for the variations in behavior.
I believe today that the majority of gender differences are not only due to genetic and biological causes but to differences in socialization. Gender stereotypes may be a consequence of gender socialization: girls and boys are supposed to behave from their birth in some ways. Children and adults who are not sexually adaptable are often ostracized for being different by peers. The distinction between the genders arise from the concept called social constructionism. Social constructionism proposes that all people "know" or see as "reality" is partially, if not entirely, socially situated.
Well before the child's birth, plans for gender socialization begin. The sex of the child is one of the first concerns that people ask of waiting parents. This is the start of a lifelong phase of social categorization. Birth preparations also consider the sex of the infant (e.g., painting a blue room when the infant is a boy, pink for a girl). Today the majority of gender differences are thought not to be genetic or biological factor but due to differences in socialization. The effect of gender socialization may be gender stereotyping. Girls and boys will behave in certain ways and many parents (and society) socialize in these ways from birth. For example, girls should be soft and calm, while boys will be noisy and messy. When children grow older, the style of dress and the preference of recreational activities becomes more evident with the stereotypes. Boys and girls who are not gender roles are commonly ostracized because they are different by peers of the same generation. This can have adverse consequences, for example lower self-esteem.
3. Socialization is the process by which societies recruit/train new members into their culture. Of the ones mentioned in your text, which one has the greatest influence? Why?
Socialization is the process of lifelong inheritance and propagation of values, customs and ideologies that provide a person with the requisite skills and habits to participate in their own society. The process by which human infants learn the requisite skills to be able to act as a functional member of their community. The mechanism of socialisation can be split into primary and...