For the hypothetical probabilistic three-category precipitation amount forecasts in Table 8.9, a. Calculate the average RPS. b. Calculate the RPS skill of the forecasts with respect to the sample...

For the hypothetical probabilistic three-category precipitation amount forecasts in Table 8.9,

a. Calculate the average RPS.

b. Calculate the RPS skill of the forecasts with respect to the sample climatology.

c. Calculate the average ignorance score.

Table 8.10 shows a set of 20 hypothetical ensemble forecasts, each with five members, and corresponding observations.

a. Plot the verification rank histogram.

b. Qualitatively diagnose the performance of this sample of forecast ensembles.