Answer To: Finding evidence in health and social care This assessment needs to be structured as an essay....
Soumi answered on May 06 2020
Running head: FINDING EVIDENCE
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FINDING EVIDENCE
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FINDING EVIDENCE IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Table of Contents
Introduction 2
PICO 2
Scenario 1 3
Scenario 2 5
Scenario 3 7
Conclusion 9
Bibliography 11
Introduction
Health and social care is related to the service that the health and social care workers provide to the service users. It is a vast area, which helps the service users to get appropriate care and support from the service providers for the wellbeing of them. The professional care providers provide the services to the needful individuals, who are generally known as the healthcare workers (Morse, 2015). The healthcare workers need to update their knowledge so that they can provide suitable care to the people who need it. These professional care providers need to conduct researches so that they became able to increase the knowledge base. Moreover, they need to practice that knowledge on the prevailing evidences (Sinclair et al., 2015). This knowledge-based approach depends on the evidence-based practice.
In view of Eisner (2017), research refers to the systematic process that helps to investigate any particular area of the issue and valid concern. It can lead to enhance knowledge in specific field of research. On the other hand, Holloway and Galvin (2016) mentioned that evidence-based practice refers to the implementation of knowledge that is gained from the various researches. The findings are based on the current practices that are gained from the previous practical implementation. This evidence-based practice helps to enhance the health and social care service. The present study focuses on setting up evidences for three case scenarios, which need to be researched. PICO questions are formed in respective to health and social care. For this purpose, the researcher has used various keywords, search terms and search sources.
PICO
Provide a short paragraph regarding the PICO - describe each element of the PICO acronym, include when the PICO should be used and why (150 -200 words).
PICO refers to the framework, which is commonly used by the healthcare professionals and physicians. This framework helps in generating the research question. For the purpose of evidence-based practice, it helps in literature search and helps in framing the specific question for the research. According to Ranney et al. (2016), it is the acronym of four elements of the research question, which helps the researcher to focus upon to find the relevant evidence. In PICO format, P refers to patient, population or problem, I refer to intervention, C refers to comparison or control and O refers to the outcome. The professional healthcare workers that are the physicians and nursing staffs may face some serious issues, which can be solved by using the evidence-based solutions. The researcher initially needs to focus on the first element that is population or patient and their problems. Woodhead, Northrop and Edelstein (2016) opined that intervention helps the researcher to solve the problem, whereas comparison or control helps to illustrate different dimensions of the research. On the other hand, Hahn et al. (2014) mentioned that outcome indicates the desired results, which the practitioners desire to assess. It helps in the literature search to form questions to find out the possible effective results. Interventions and control needs to be measured to obtain the desired outcome. Care professionals and nurses generally use the PICO framework to solve a critical case to identify the suitable solution from the previous researched literatures (Willard-Grace et al., 2014).
Scenario 1
Populate the PICO for the chosen scenario for an answerable question about effects of interventions
P – Cyber bulling among the adolescent clients and service users
In health and social care, cyber-bulling became a major issue that is concerned with the safety of young people. Cyber bulling is one type of crime that is done over the cyber media. In view of Alonso, Varela and Lois (2017), cyber bulling refers harassing someone by using electronic communication medium. One should be conscious about their activities over internet that should not harm others. There are various legislative jurisdiction and legal norms. Due to these norms, strict actions can be taken against the bullies. However, the impact of the cyber-crime affects the adolescents badly. It affects the mental health more than the physical health. The affected adolescents need appropriate care and medical support from the health care professionals to be cured (Rose, Espelage, Monda-Amaya, Shogren & Aragon, 2015).
From the scenario, it is seen that the adolescent health care service provider is concerned with the issue of increased rate of cyber-bulling among adolescents. Most of the adolescents are addicted to the social media cites and they are bullied over the internet. In such case, the health care professionals need to provide appropriate support with the medical care to the adolescents so that can reduce the internet usage (Johnston et al., 2014). For this reason, the health care professionals need to be careful and need to search database to find out evidence to solve the issue. Hence, it can be said that cyber-bulling is a problem among the population of adolescents.
I – Care from the health care professionals
Adolescents, who are affected by cyber-bullying, are timid and weak in nature. Most of the time, they are afraid to share their experience with others. They became vulnerable due to the cyber-bullying. In such case, the health care professional needs to provide them support and need to gain trust of those victims. They need to build a strong relationship with the victims so that they can share their experiences with the care providers (Seo, Just & Victor, 2016). The support and care from the medical professionals helps the victims to stands against the crime and overcome the trauma.
C – Support from care professionals
With the care, the health care professionals need to provide appropriate medication to the victims. This will help to reduce the mental pressure, stress and the trauma among them (Campbell, Evans, Pumper & Moreno, 2016). The interventions can include anti-depression, anti-anxiety and other necessary medication with support to reduce the trauma of cyber-bullying.
O – Reduce the negative impact of cyber-bullying
When the interventions are implemented, it is desired to achieve the desirable outcomes to reduce the negative impact of cyber-bullying; this is necessary for the well-being of the service users that will help them to overcome the trauma of cyber-bullying.
Frame the PICO as a question (write out your information needs in the form of a question):
To reduce the negative impact of cyber-bullying among the adolescent, how is the support from the care professionals more effective and efficient, in comparison to the medication and medical support?
Outline the search terms (from your question) that can/be used to search include the parameters of a search:
For the literature research, few keywords such as cyber-bullying, health care professional, adolescent service users and medical support are used. The researcher has logged in to UNE library by using google.com.au. After that, CINAHL database was used as the search engine. Boolean operators were used to search the literatures. The researcher has found various results, from which only peer-reviewed articles are chose to discuss the topic. The full text, English article that was chosen that was found between ‘2014 to 2018’.
Conduct the search using the UNE Library databases and correctly cite one original research article from the search:
Alonso, J. D., Varela, E....