Explain how counterbalancing could be used in the studies described in (b) and (c) in 14.1. Question 14.1 For each study below, indicate whether it is a between-subjects or within-subjects design....

Explain how counterbalancing could be used in the studies described in (b) and (c) in 14.1.

Question 14.1

For each study below, indicate whether it is a between-subjects or within-subjects design. Also indicate which type of inferential test (t test or ANOVA) is the correct choice for testing the hypothesis.

a. A statistics instructor is interested in the best type of quiz to use to prepare students in her course. She randomly assigns students in her course to one of three groups: no study quiz, a multiple choice study quiz, or a short answer study quiz. She then compares the exam scores for the three groups.

b. A statistics instructor is interested in the best type of quiz to use to prepare students in her course. She provides no quiz for the first exam, a multiple choice quiz for the second exam, and a short answer quiz for the third exam. She then compares the scores on the three exams for her class.

c. A neuropsychologist is treating several Alzheimer’s disease patients in a clinic. He wants to determine the best time of day to discuss treatment issues with his patients, but he notices that mental state seems to vary with time of day. Thus, he designs a study to determine which time of day his patients seem to have the most cognitive awareness: morning or afternoon. He tests each patient at both times of day and compares scores on a cognitive screening scale for morning and afternoon.