need this completed
Evicted: Poverty and profit in the American city For this assignment students are required to: · Provide a summary for each of the first ten (10) chapters of the book. · Identify two macro social problems and two micro social problems in each chapter. Make sure that a problem is not repeated in each chapter. For example, do not repeat poverty for chapter 1, 2, 3 etc. · Suggest an intervention or interventions for solving the macro social problems identified in each chapter. · Provide a cover page and page numbers. · At least 10 pages 1 PowerPoint Presentation SOWK 446 Organizations and Communities NETTING: CHAPTER 1 What is Macro Practice An Integral part of social work profession and professions exits to meet the needs of others in the larger community All social workers will engage in some form of macro practice. Macro practice is a professionally guided intervention(s) designed to bring about change in organizational, community, and/or policy arena. Macro Social Work An Interrelationship of Micro and Macro Social Work Practice: Focuses on change. Problems usually appear as individual problems Important for social workers to understand the nature of individual and group intervention Arena for change—casework (client, couple, or family) or accessing resources (organizations, communities and policy change) Macro Level Change Intervention in organizations or communities is referred to as macro-level change Social Workers intervene in organizations or communities Change has to be carefully planned – management, decision making, etc. Importance of collaboration Recognize the interconnectedness of micro and macro roles Macro-Practice Arenas and Roles it involves administration, planning, community organizing or policy analysis roles Arenas of intervention are communities, organizations, small groups and policy Practitioners in macro-practice are sometimes referred to as planners, community organizers, case managers, group workers and each describes the actual function you perform population vs. function The Foundation of Macro Practice The importance of terminology Social workers need to recognize that terms used to define and distinguish can be applied adversely Employing more accurate and less historically laden language Recognize the sensitivity to language use Theories, Models, and Approaches A theory is a set of interrelated concepts and constructs that provide a framework for understanding how and why something does or does not work Models are prescriptions based on theories that provide direction for the practitioner. Approaches on the other hand are less prescriptive Both models and approaches provide guidelines for action and intervention Systems theory: it contends that there are multiple parts of any entity, whether it is a group, organization or a community. Entities can be best understood as a system with interconnecting components Applicable in both micro and macro (including domestic and international) Let’s consider some examples using organization or community Systems expect conflict –there are ways to cope (locating an organization that serve gay, homeless, or prostitutes in a neighborhood) The Foundation of Macro Practice Closed and open systems Goals and outcomes for planned change Goals are usually long term and sometimes idealistic. Provides a vision Outcomes defined as quality-of-life changes Rational planning approach Study of the current situation and a carefully developed and prescribed plan for change The Foundation of Macro Practice Values (strongly held belief) and Ethics (provide guidelines) Importance of professional judgement (ability to skillfully apply and discern the quality of the best knowledge available in a workable manner), values and ethics The NASW Code of Ethics: Six core values and the ethical principles Service: Direct and indirect practice Concept of beneficence (desire to do good for others) Social Justice: Challenging injustices and work on social change The Foundation of Macro Practice Dignity and worth of the person Self-determination, Empowerment, Addressing the needs of marginalized people Importance of human relationships Meaningful ways to facilitate consumer as well as citizen participation Dealing with multiple stakeholders Technological advancement The Foundation of Macro Practice Integrity Based on trustworthiness and consistency Professional integrity means that those persons who call themselves professional will remember The Foundation of Macro Practice Competence: Use of data to show need Informed decision making is pursued in a systematic and scholarly manner Evidenced-based or evidence-guided practice The Foundation of Macro Practice Ethical conflicts: Social workers have responsibility to: 1) clients 2) to colleagues 3) in practice settings 4) as professionals 5) to the social work profession 6) to the broader society Surviving the Dilemmas 1. Develop a Strong Support System: Social workers to reach out to their colleagues 2. Join with Others to Initiate Change: Together with colleagues social workers can form communities and task forces 3. Prioritize Efforts: Working towards change has to be selective 4. Find Ways to Do Self-Care: Do not be overwhelmed by the job. Find ways to rest WEEK THREE NETTING CHAPTER 3 MACKIE CHAPTER 1: Courtney R. & Nicole F. WHEELAN CHAPTER 2: Courtney T. & Amanda Slide 1 Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Historical and Contemporary Influences on Macro Practice NETTING CHAPTER 2 Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Conditions Population growth and immigration: The First U.S. Census revealed population less than 4 million. Immigration has always being a key element in population growth in the U.S. Irish and German immigrants and the Chinese Migrant workers. Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Conditions Industrialization and urbanization: Rapid shift toward industrialization of the economy. Mechanization of cotton production The wealth brought in change from the agricultural economies Population growth and industrialization led to increased urbanization Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Conditions Changes in Institutional Structures: The social structure of the U.S, changed owing to urbanization and industrialization. In the early 1800s organizations such as families, churches and schools were small in nature. Complex systems of highly specialized organizations emerged Individuals and organizations were no longer able to produce most of what they needed Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Social Conditions Emergence of a welfare system: The Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601 State-run asylums for dependent children, the mentally ill, children and adults with mental retardation Private facilities serving orphaned or delinquent youth Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The Development of Social Work Women played a major role in building the foundations of social work Women’s organizations, Benevolence reforms Women’s rights subsequently the formation of the National Women’s Suffrage Organization Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Charity Organization Societies Charity Organization Society (COS) began forming in the 1870s The “friendly visitors” usually middle and upper class women helped poor individuals and families Served individuals on a case by case basis formed the foundation for social case work Micro-level intervention Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Recognizing the Importance of Macro Practice Macro-practice models developed alongside the casework method Primary groups worked to strengthen local areas within larger communities A social justice agenda emerged in the mid-1920s Improved housing conditions Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Great Depression Effects of the Great Depression The resulting impoverishment of vast segments of the population The passage of the Social Security Act The development of Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal programs Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Community Organization and Social Reform Sweeping reforms The Journal of Social Work Today began paying attention to social work practice Large government agencies began to dominate the provision of human services Social Movements Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Community Organization and Social Reform The 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Foundation of the Civil Rights Movement Montgomery Alabama Bus boycott of 1955 Voting Rights Act of 1964 Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Community Organization and Social Reform Civil Rights Act of 1965 Other movements like Cesar Chavez’s United Farm Workers began organizing Chicano field workers The 1960s saw the expansion of governmental social programs Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Administration and Planning Communities are macro systems in which social workers interact With the New Deal public organizations for the provision of human services were established Increased complexity of human service organizations Client-driven models of administration Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Commitment of Diverse and Oppressed Population Native Americans Latinos African Americans Asian Americans Women Persons with Disabilities LGBTQ Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Contemporary Challenges Addressing poverty and welfare reforms- The enactment of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) Key changes in welfare reform Bureaucratic barriers More rigid and inflexible rule and eligibility criteria Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Contemporary Challenges Recognizing income equality- Increasing income inequality Large disparities exists between rich and poor Large disparities that can produce a variety of problems Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Contemporary Challenges Assessing changing organizations and delivery system-Bureaucratization of operations Privatization Purchase of Services (POS), Performance-based contracting Proliferation of nonprofit organizations Copyright © 2017, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Contemporary Challenges Wisely using technology: Dramatic changes in the lives of people owing to technological advancement Creation of world communities across national boundaries The way social workers are doing their job is also changing *