See attached instructions.
Essay Exam 3 Instructions Instructions The Essay Exams are designed to get you to think analytically and critically about the material and present your assessment in an organized and coherent manner. It is also important to incorporate information from as many of the assigned reading assignments and video lectures as possible so as to exhibit a depth and breadth of knowledge on the topic. Click HERE (Links to an external site.) to watch a useful video on how to organize your essay before you get started. Below are two questions. Prepare essays for each question and upload them into Canvas as a Microsoft Word or PDF document. Only one of your essays will be chosen and assigned a grade. Because you do not know in advance which essay will be chosen, it is important to prepare high quality essays for both questions. Please submit both essays as one document. Questions 1. What were the fundamental differences between southern society and northern society in the decades leading up to the Civil War? (See textbook for contextual information, any relevant assigned primary documents, the Antebellum South Video Lecture and the Northern Society Video Lecture). 2. What were the main arguments pro-slavery southerners used to defend the institution of slavery against accusations that slavery was barbaric and backward? What were the limits of these arguments (in other words, how were these arguments less than convincing)? (See the textbook for contextual information, Three Pro-Slavery Arguments primary documents, and the Pro-Slavery Arguments Video Lecture). Expectations You will find ample information to address these questions in video lectures, the textbook and primary documents. Essay responses should show a thorough understanding of the readings and be college level (clear, organized, without typographical errors, logical, etc.) Your essay should have an introduction with a clear argument, a well-developed body with ample supporting evidence, a conclusion that provides some final analysis, and be between five and seven paragraphs (paragraphs should be at least five sentences in length but often longer). Your argument is your brief answer to the question while the body of the essay is used to provide detailed historical examples to support your argument. Although analysis of the material should be woven into the body of your https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8X5WoCHhtCM https://yccd.instructure.com/courses/27142/pages/antebellum-south-video-lecture https://yccd.instructure.com/courses/27142/pages/northern-society-video-lecture https://yccd.instructure.com/courses/27142/pages/three-pro-slavery-arguments https://yccd.instructure.com/courses/27142/pages/pro-slavery-arguments-video-lecture essay, the conclusion is where you will be able to show that you have thought about the material in a critical and analytical way (rather than simply regurgitating information). Also, remember that any information included in your essay should be pertinent to answering the question asked of you. Citations For the purposes of this essay, you can use parenthetical citation. Please only use information from within the confines of this class, such as video lectures, the textbook, primary documents, and any other assigned readings. • Example for Video Lecture citation: (Chesapeake 2 Video Lect.) or (Slave Trade Video Lect.). • Example for Textbook citation: (Foner, 45). • Example for Primary Document citation: (Frethorne, 2). • Example for A People's History of the United States citation: (Zinn, 55). Important Tips • Remember, only one of your essays will be chosen and assigned a grade. Because you do not know in advance which essay will be chosen, it is important to prepare high quality essays for both questions. • Because you have the questions in advance, your essays should not have any grammatical errors or typos, should be written in fluid prose and indicate a clear command of the material. • Turnitin, a plagiarism detection software, is used for this assignment. Please see the Course Syllabus for details regarding academic dishonesty. • If you have any questions, please contact me through CANVAS. Rubric Criteria Ratings Thesis Statement Introduction contains relevant contextual information and a clear thesis statement? Body of Essay Quality and quantity of evidence is sound; sequence logical. Historical Analysis Thorough and perceptive recognition of historical significance. Conclusion Conclusion effectively summarizes the main points of the essay and provides a final summation of the significance of the topic. Instructions Followed All instructions were followed. https://yccd.instructure.com/courses/27142/assignments/syllabus Three Pro-Slavery Arguments George Fitzhugh, Cannibals All! or Slaves Without Masters, Ch. 1: The Universal Trade We are, all, North and South, engaged in the White Slave Trade, and he who succeeds best, is esteemed most respectable. It is far more cruel than the Black Slave Trade, because it exacts more of its slaves, and neither protects nor governs them. We boast, that it exacts more, when we say, "that the profits made from employing free labor are greater than those from slave labor." The profits, made from free labor, are the amount of the products of such labor, which the employer, by means of the command which capital or skill gives him, takes away, exacts or "exploitates" from the free laborer. The profits of slave labor are that portion of the products of such labor which the power of the master enables him to appropriate. These profits are less, because the master allows the slave to retain a larger share of the results of his own labor, than do the employers of free labor. But we not only boast that the White Slave Trade is more exacting and fraudulent (in fact, though not in intention,) than Black Slavery; but we also boast, that it is more cruel, in leaving the laborer to take care of himself and family out of the pittance which skill or capital have allowed him to retain. When the day's labor is ended, he is free, but is overburdened with the cares of family and household, which make his freedom an empty and delusive mockery. But his employer is really free, and may enjoy the profits made by others' labor, without a care, or a trouble, as to their well- being. The negro slave is free, too, when the labors of the day are over, and free in mind as well as body; for the master provides food, raiment, house, fuel, and everything else necessary to the physical well-being of himself and family. The master's labors commence just when the slave's end. No wonder men should prefer white slavery to capital, to negro slavery, since it is more profitable, and is free from all the cares and labors of black slave-holding. Now, reader, if you wish to know yourself — to "descant on your own deformity" — read on. But if you would cherish self-conceit, self-esteem, or self-appreciation, throw down our book; for we will dispel illusions which have promoted your happiness, and shew you that what you have considered and practiced as virtue, is little better than moral Cannibalism. But you will find yourself in numerous and respectable company; for all good and respectable people are "Cannibals all," who do not labor, or who are successfully trying to live without labor, on the unrequited labor of other people: — Whilst low, bad, and disreputable people, are those who labor to support themselves, and to support said respectable people besides. Throwing the negro slaves out of the account, and society is divided in Christendom into four classes: The rich, or independent respectable people, who live well and labor not at all; the professional and skillful respectable people, who do a little light work, for enormous wages; the poor hard-working people, who support every body, and starve themselves; and the poor thieves, swindlers and sturdy beggars, who live like gentlemen, without labor, on the labor of other people. The gentlemen exploitate, which being done on a large scale, and requiring a great many victims, is highly respectable — whilst the rogues and beggars take so little from others, that they fare little better than those who labor. But, reader, we do not wish to fire into the flock. "Thou art the man!" You are a Cannibal! and if a successful one, pride yourself on the number of your victims, quite as much as any Feejee chieftain, who breakfasts, dines and sups on human flesh. — And your conscience smites you, if you have failed to succeed, quite as much as his, when he returns from an unsuccessful foray. Probably, you are a lawyer, or a merchant, or a doctor, who have made by your business fifty thousand dollars, and retired to live on your capital. But, mark! not to spend your capital. That would be vulgar, disreputable, criminal. That would be, to live by your own labor; for your capital is your amassed labor. That would be, to do as common working men do; for they take the pittance which their employers leave them, to live on. They live by labor; for they exchange the results of their own labor for the products of other people's labor. It is, no doubt, an honest, vulgar way of living; but not at all a respectable way. The respectable way of living is, to make other people work for you, and to pay them nothing for so doing — and to have no concern about them after their work is done. Hence, white slave-holding is much more respectable than negro slavery — for the master works nearly as hard for the negro, as he for the master. But you, my virtuous, respectable reader, exact three thousand dollars per annum from white labor, (for your income is the product of white labor,) and make not one cent of return in any form. You retain your capital, and never labor, and yet live in luxury on the labor of others. Capital commands labor, as the master does the slave. Neither pays for labor; but the master permits the slave to retain a larger allowance from the proceeds of his own labor, and hence "free labor is cheaper than slave labor." You, with the command over labor which your capital gives you, are a slave owner — a master, without the obligations of a master. They who work for you, who