List combustion factors affecting VOC emissions. Explain your answers. Pick one of the available alternatives to gasolines and explain the advantages and limitations of such fuel. Provide or describe...

1. List combustion factors affecting VOC emissions. Explain your answers.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) means; compounds which can get vaporized even
at low temperature. VOCs are chiefly composed of Hydrogen and Carbon, but Nitrogen,
Oxygen, Fluorine, Sulfur and Chlorine may also be present in them (Dellinger, 2003).
Production of VOCs occurs usually due to improper burner arrangement and regulation.
Major factors that can be called responsible for VOCs’ emissions are erroneous air/fuel ratio,
inappropriate air and fuel pressures and insufficient atomizing pressure for oil burner etc. The
relationship among VOCs and all above factors may be understood via the fact that these
elements lead towards the partial combustion which produces VOCs in spite of key products
(Dellinger, 2003). Therefore; to minimize VOCs’ emissions, these steps should be followed:
1. Air/fuel ratio must be kept at manufacturer's specified setting.
2. Air and fuel pressures (at burner) should be proper.
3. Atomizing air pressure must be maintained at the correct level.
4. Periodic verification of burner’s maintenance should be done to ensure the
standardization of combustion procedure (Froese & Hutzinger, 1996).
All above precautions are compulsory since; an inappropriately maintained boiler/burner
package may cause VOCs’ levels even over hundred times than the usual ones and vaporization
of VOCs into the air may result in creation of ground level Ozone which can play an important
part in such atmospheric photochemical reactions that are detrimental for all of us.
2. Pick one of the available alternatives to gasoline and explain the advantages and
limitations of such fuel.
There could be found several substitutes for Gasoline such as; Compressed Natural Gas
(CNG), Electricity and Hydrogen. We may also include Biodiesel in this category. Biodiesel is
produced via sources other than petroleum for instance; vegetable oils, used fry oil, rendered
chicken fat etc. These oils may be processed into fuel via removal of glycerin and other
impurities and the procedure applied...