DUMMY

PEDIATRIC DISORDERS
PEDIATRIC DISORDERS
INTRODUCTION
Any health abnormalities that occur in the child from the stage of fetus to adolescence are said to be pediatric disorders.
Pediatric neurologic disorders: Disorders that occur in the nervous system of the child
Pediatric cardio-vascular disorders: Disorders that occur in the circulatory system of the child
    Pediatric neurologic disorders    Pediatric cardio-vascular disorders
    Hydrocephalus    Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
    Cerebral Palsy    Ebstein’s anomaly
    Autism    Aortic valve stenosis
    Microcephaly    Kawasaki disease
    Dyspraxia    Pulmonary atresia
Hydrocephalus
Accumulation of excess cerebro spinal fluid in the cavities of the brain, leads to the damage of brain tissues.
Monitor for signs of intra-cranial pressure changes such as breathing, any fluctuations in the pulse pressure and any abnormality in the breathing pattern.
Determination of the changes that occur in the mental status of the child.
Monitor the tone and quality of crying; A child might cry in a high pitched voice if the intra-cranial pressure is high.
Examine the child’s pupils for any changes in size, shape, position and their response to light.
Administering Acetazolamide and furosemide may help in reducing the production of cerebrospinal fluid.
Administering any corticosteroids may also help in reducing the inflammation
Supplement oxygen if needed.
Provide the child with adequate rest such that there is no triggers for the increase of intracranial pressure
Nursing management
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy is caused by the abnormal brain development which leads to disorders that affect motor neuron functions and child’s ability to move.
Nursing management
Major nursing diagnosis includes assessing the risks related to seizures, uncontrolled movements, neuromuscular disorders and cognitive changes.
Helping the parents in understanding child’s health condition and strengthen them emotionally. Promote adequate nutritional food, appropriate sleep management and encourage the child to do daily living activities.
Enhance the self-worth of the patient by providing acceptance, encouragement, and involve in speech therapy to enhance his/her communicative abilities.
Help the child to perform better during communication, locomotion, daily activities, and activities that involve motor functions.
Express feelings related to self-esteem, positive note on living.
Assist in ambulation to prevent any difficulties.
Help the child to choose the activities that would help him develop intellectual skills. Providing any alternative form of communication would also help if a child has problems in communicating through a language.
Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorder that affects child’s ability to perform cognitive, social and emotional functions.
Nursing management
Every ASD child is unique, and each child should assess based on his/her weakness, strength and abilities.
Practice communicative ways based on different colors, picture boards, and perform...