Donald is a 62-year-old male who has been experiencing frequent urination and has had trouble starting to urinate for several weeks. He has a family history of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Donald’s...

Donald is a 62-year-old male who has been experiencing frequent urination and has had trouble starting to urinate for several weeks. He has a family history of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Donald’s BMI is 29; he occasionally drinks alcohol and coffee; and his diet consists mainly of red meat, starches, and dairy products. Just yesterday, he had an episode of incontinence and decided to seek care immediately. Donald was referred to a urologist who suspected that his prostate was the cause of his urinary issues.

2. 
   
   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   Donald’s urologist performs a digital rectal exam and finds the surface of the prostate to be hard and many nodules are present. Based on these findings, which of the following is most likely?

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   
   1. 
      
      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      

      BPH

      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      
      
      
   
   
   2. 
      
      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      

      Prostate cancer

      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      
      
      
   
   
   3. 
      
      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      

      UTI

      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      
      
      
   
   
   4. 
      
      
      

      
      

      
      

      
      

      Kidney stones