Do on-line friendships enhance or diminish psychological health?
Background Interacting with people using digital platforms such as Instagram® and Facebook® are increasingly common methods for establishing and maintaining social relationships, such as friendships. However, do online friendships provide any psychological health benefits or are they just a "fun" way to interact with others? Essay Question: Do on-line friendships enhance or diminish psychological health? Essay Formatting and Submission Information It is department policy that assignments are set in terms of a specified word limit and specified format which are as follows: · 1250 words maximum · Double-spaced lines · 12-point font · Times New Roman font · Margin of 1 inch (2.54 cm) at the top, bottom, left, and right of every page · The word limit includes in-text referencing but does not include the reference list at the end, nor the title page. · APA 6th Edition Referencing Submission Requriements · An Electronic copy only of the Essay should be submitted via Turnitin software. Detailed instructions are provided from page 17. A hardcopy is not required. · Most file types are accepted, except. Pages · Please include your Word Count on the title page of the Essay · ESSAYS NOT ACCEPTED AFTER THE RETURN OF MARKED MATERIAL. · Carefully read the sections titled "Penalties for Written Work", "Extensions for Written Work" and "Academic Honesty" on the proceeding pages. Tips: 1. It may be useful to compare on-line and face-to-face friendships. 2. You must take a position (that is, state whether on-line friendships enhance OR diminish psychological health). 3. Critically discuss at least three different pieces of evidence that support your position. The three pieces of evidence must come from research findings (not your personal beliefs and/or experiences) so be sure to cite relevant studies. 4. It is not enough to simply cite a study that supports your position; you must critically discuss a study's findings and be sure to highlight the reason/s why online friendships may/may not enhance or diminish psychological health. STARTER REFERENCE: Note: the starter references are a great place to start researching the area. Whether or not you chose to cite them is up to you. Grieve, R., Indian, M., Witteveen, K., Tolan, G. A., & Marrington, J. (2013). Face-to-face or Facebook: Can social connectedness be derived online? Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 604-609. Indian, M., & Grieve, R. (2014). When Facebook is easier than face-to-face: Social support derive from Facebook in socially anxious individuals. Personality and Individual Differences, 59, 102-106. Lima, M.L., Marques, S., Muiños, G., & Camilo, C. (2017). All you need is Facebook friends? Associations between online and face-to-face friendships and health. Frontiers in Psychology, 8:68. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00068 Mesch, G., & Talmud, I. (2006). The quality of online and offline relationships: the role of multiplexity and duration of social relationships. The Information Society, 22(3), 137-148. DOI: 10.1080/01972240600677805 Ryan, T., & Xenos, S. (2011). Who uses Facebook? An investigation into the relationship between the Big Five, shyness, narcissism, loneliness, and Facebook usage. Computers in Human Behavior, 27, 1658-1664. THINGS TO CONSIDER: · Introductory paragraphs should state the structure of the essay (i.e., what each section covers) and the position taken by the writer (i.e., whether you agree or disagree with the continuation of infant stimulator programmes, or not). · Each paragraph should clearly address the essay question - the opening sentence of a paragraph usually reflects what will be addressed in the paragraph and the final sentence in a paragraph is usually a summation of the paragraph and also demonstrates how this particular paragraph relates to the essay question/s. · Essays should briefly and concisely define any key terms you use · Be sure to clearly state your position and present published studies which clearly demonstrate how the research findings support your position. · It's also important to present published studies that DO NOT support the position you take. However, such counter-evidence should be challenged by critiquing the study (if possible) so as to diminish the veracity of the study's results. For example, if all the studies you cite to support your position have been conducted with females but the one study that doesn't support your position was conducted with males, then you could argue that the opposing findings are due to sample differences and therefore do not compromise your arguments and position. · Consider whether the ecological validity of each study you cite compromises or bolsters your arguments. For example, a study conducted inside the lab where participants answered questions about how they predict they would react in certain situations has less ecological validity than a study which records a participant's behaviour in real-world settings without their awareness. · Conclusions should recap the aim of the essay, the position taken and a very brief overview of the key findings used to support the position take. A concluding sentence that highlights any caveats or limitations of the findings presented or offers avenues of future research, are good ways to finish an essay. · Reference your arguments accurately - if an idea is not your own you need to acknowledge this and provide and accurate citation. If an idea is your own you need to provide evidence from the literature that supports it. · To write a good essay you will need to do your own research and find articles relating to your particular essay argument, and extend beyond the starter references. · There is no set minimum of maximum number of references you need to cite in your essay. · Finally, thoroughly read over your essay and fix all typos and poorly worded sentences before submitting! RESOURCES TO USE FOR ESSAY: https://www.mq.edu.au/about/campus-services-and-facilities/library search and enter PSYCHINFO / PSYCHEXTRA and get into the database there username: 44044003 pw: Liverpool96