Discussion1: Family nursing
From the chapter:
- Define family nursing.
- Does this match your definition? Why? Why not?
- State your definition and explain why yours is different from the one in the chapter.
- Describe how a family assessment is different from an individual client assessment process.
Discussion 2: nurse in the schools
- Discuss how the nurse in home care works with the various Interprofessional teams and how they advocate the patient’s care.
- Who would you approach to ask questions regarding the health of your community?
- How can the community nurse use QSEN strategies to promote patient safety? What do you consider as the professional and educational standards in home health and hospice care?
- What are considered different practice models for home based services and deliveries.
- What do understand by OMAHA System and how does it guide the practice of the community nurse?
References: please use this book
Foundations of Nursing in the Community (4th ed.) Stanhope, M. and Lancaster, J. (2014). Elsevier/Mosby. ISBN: 978-0-323-10094-6 more source for the
assignment but you may use others references
NB: 3 pages each discussion may have one and half pages
And use APA format
Foundations of Nursing in the Community: Community-Oriented Practice, 2nd Edition CHAPTER 12 Community Assessment and Evaluation All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. OBJECTIVES Decide whether nursing practice is community oriented. Understand selected concepts basic to community-oriented nursing practice: community, community client, community health, and partnership for health. Compare the nursing process to community-oriented nursing practice. Decide which methods of assessment, intervention, and evaluation are most appropriate in selected situations. Develop a community-oriented nursing care plan. * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. INTRODUCTION This chapter clarifies community concepts and provides a guideline for nursing practice with the community client. * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. WHAT IS A COMMUNITY? Community: people and the relationships that emerge among them as they develop and use in common some agencies and institutions and a physical environment People: the community residents Place: both the geographical and time dimensions Function: the aims and activities of the community * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. * COMMUNITY AS CLIENT A community practice setting is insufficient reason for saying that practice is oriented toward the community client. When the location of the practice is in the community but the focus of practice is the individual or family, the nursing client remains the individual or family, not the whole community. Community as client requires that the improved health of the community remains the overall goal of nursing intervention. Change to benefit the community client often must occur at several levels ranging from individual to society as a whole. * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. COMMUNITY AS CLIENT AND PARTNER IN NURSING PRACTICE Direct clinical care and be a part of population-focused community health practice. Improved health of the community remains the overall goal of nursing intervention. Change occurs at several levels. Two key concepts: Community health Partnership for community health * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Example: spouse abuse, elder abuse, TB treatment * GOALS AND MEANS OF COMMUNITY-ORIENTED PRACTICE Goal: nurse and community seek healthful change together Community Health: has three common characteristics: status, structure, and process Status: involves physical (i.e., morbidity and mortality rates), emotional (i.e., client satisfaction), and social (i.e., crime rates) components Structure: services and resources in a community Process: effective community functioning or problem solving * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. GOALS AND MEANS OF COMMUNITY-ORIENTED PRACTICE Healthy People 2020 Community Partnerships Strategies to Improve Community Health Multiple organizations working together Guidelines: APEXPH PATCH MAPP CHANGE Community Guide * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Healthy People 2020: offers a vision of the future for healthy communities and specific objectives to help fulfill that vision recognizes the need to work collectively, in community partnerships, to bring about the changes that will be necessary to fulfill this vision Community Partnerships: the active participation and involvement of the community or its representatives in healthful change Most changes aimed at improving community health involve partnerships among community residents and health workers from a variety of disciplines * COMMUNITY-FOCUSED NURSING PROCESS: FROM ASSESSMENT TO EVALUATION Assessing Community Health Data collection and interpretation Data gathering Data generation Composite database analysis Data collection methods Collection of direct data Collection of reported data Community reconnaissance Assessment issues * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Using the nursing process to promote community health… Data collection methods: Informant interviews Participant observation Windshield survey Secondary analysis of existing data Surveys * COMMUNITY-FOCUSED NURSING PROCESS: FROM ASSESSMENT TO EVALUATION (CONT.) Identifying Community Problems Planning the Community Health Analyzing problems Problem priorities Criteria Establishing goals and objectives Identifying intervention activities * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. COMMUNITY-FOCUSED NURSING PROCESS: FROM ASSESSMENT TO EVALUATION (CONT.) Implementing for Community Health Factors influencing implementation Nurse’s role Social change process Evaluating the Intervention for Community Health Role of outcomes in the evaluation phase * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. PERSONAL SAFETY IN COMMUNITY PRACTICE Personal safety is a prerequisite for effective community-oriented practice. Personal safety should be a consideration throughout the process. An awareness of the community and common sense are the two best guidelines for judgment. Three sources of information about a community: Other nurse, social workers, or health care providers who are familiar with the dynamics of a given community Community members Your own observations * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. REFERENCE * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Foundations of Nursing in the Community: Community-Oriented Practice, 2nd Edition CHAPTER 18 Family Development and Family Nursing Assessment All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. OBJECTIVES Explain the importance of family nursing in the community setting. Describe family demographics. Define family, family nursing, family health, and healthy/non-healthy/resilient families. Analyze changes in family function and structure. Compare and contrast the four family social science theoretical frameworks. * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. OBJECTIVES (CONT.) Compare and contrast the four ways to view family nursing. Explain one assessment model and approach in detail. Describe the various barriers to family nursing. Share the implications for social and family policy. Discuss issues of families in the future. * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. INTRODUCTION Trend to move health care to community settings Family nursing is a specialty area that has a strong theory base and is more than just “common sense” or viewing the family as the context for individual health care. Family nursing consists of nurses and families working together to ensure the success of the family and its members in adapting to responses to health and illness. * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. The trend in the delivery of health care has been to move health care to community settings; thus family nursing is very pertinent to nurses in community health. * FAMILY NURSING IN THE COMMUNITY Family Nursing: consists of nurses and families working together to ensure the success of the family and its members in adapting to responses to health and illness Nurses are responsible for the following: Helping families promote their health Meeting family health needs Coping with health problems within the context of the existing family structure and community resources Collaborating with families to develop useful interventions * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Nurses must be knowledgeable about family structures, functions, processes, and roles. Nurses must be aware of and understand their own values and attitudes pertaining to their own families, as well as being open to different family structures and cultures. * FAMILY DEMOGRAPHICS Family Demographics: study of the structure of families and households and the family-related events, such as marriage and divorce, that alter the structure through their number, timing, and sequencing An important use of family demography by nurses is to forecast stresses and developmental changes experienced by families and to identify possible solutions to family problems. * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. DEFINITION OF FAMILY Family: refers to two or more individuals who depend on one another for emotional, physical, and/or financial support; members of the family are self-defined Nurses need to ask people who they consider to be their family and then include those members in health care planning * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. The family may range from traditional nuclear and extended family to such “post-modern” family structures as single-parent families, stepfamilies, same-gender families, and families consisting of friends. * FAMILY FUNCTIONS Economic function Reproductive function Socialization function Affective function Health care function * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. See Box 18-1 * FAMILY STRUCTURES Married family Single-parent family Multiadult household (with or without children) No “typical family” model exits * Family structure refers to the characteristics and demographics (gender, age, number) of individual members who make up family units. More specifically, the structure of a family defines the roles and the positions of family members. See Box 18-2 * FAMILY HEALTH Family Health: a dynamic changing relative state of well-being that includes the biological, psychological, sociological, cultural, and spiritual factors of the family system Families are neither all good nor all bad. All families have both strengths and difficulties. All families have seeds of resilience. * Families are neither all good nor all bad; therefore nurses need to view family behavior on a continuum of need for intervention when the family comes in contact with the health care system * FOUR APPROACHES TO FAMILY NURSING Family as the context, or structure Family as the client Family as a system Family as a component of society * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Family as the context, or structure: has a traditional focus that places the individual first and the family second Family as the client: family is first, and individuals are second Family as a system: focus is on the family as client, and the family is viewed as an interacting system in which the whole is more than the sum of its parts; simultaneously focuses on individual members and the family as a whole Family as a component of society: family is seen as one of many institutions in society, along with health, education, religious, or financial institutions * * All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All items and derived items © 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002 by Mosby, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS FOR FAMILY NURSING Family Systems Theory Family Development and Life Cycle Theory Bioecological Systems Theory * All items and derived items © 2014