Dino’s Authentic Ristorante, a chain of Italian restaurants, specializes in “traditional Italian-style hand-tossed pizzas.” All of the chefs in all of its restaurants are required to be able to...

Dino’s Authentic Ristorante, a chain of Italian restaurants, specializes in “traditional Italian-style hand-tossed pizzas.” All of the chefs in all of its restaurants are required to be able to prepare all the dishes on the menu, including the pizzas. Accordingly, Dino’s requires that all chef applicants demonstrate how many of these pizza doughs they can throw into the air and catch in 30 seconds. But Dino’s management is keenly aware that women constitute a majority of their clientele, and they do not want to do anything to offend this important client base. So, to ensure that its customers can see that a significant number of Dino’s chefs, who are visible to the customers behind glass windows, are women, female chef applicants are only required to toss five pizza doughs into the air to pass the test, while male applicants are required to toss 15 doughs into the air to pass that same test. Jerry Lou Esch was denied employment as a chef by Dino’s because he did not pass the pizza-tossing test. He brought a Title VII claim against Dino’s, alleging that he had been the victim of sex discrimination. How should the court rule on the case?