Determine whether the following flows are laminar or turbulent: (a) A flow of water (ρ = 1000 kg/m 3 , μ = 1.2 × 10 −3 kg/m s) through a pipe of square cross section. The section is 500 × 500 mm and...

Determine whether the following flows are laminar or turbulent:

(a) A flow of water (ρ = 1000 kg/m³, μ = 1.2 × 10⁻³
kg/m s) through a pipe of square cross section. The section is 500 × 500 mm and the mean velocity of flow is 3 m/s.

(b) A flow of air (ρ = 1.24 kg/m³, μ = 1.7 × 10⁻⁵
kg/m s) through a pipe of diameter 25 mm. The mean velocity is 0.1 m/s.