Design columns for axial load only for the conditions described. Include the design of ties or spirals and a sketch of the cross sections selected, including bar arrangements. All columns are assumed to be short and not exposed to the weather. Form sizes are in 50-mm. increments.
a.) Smallest possible square tied column: PD = 700kN, PL = 300kN f_{y} = 420MPa and
f'e =40 MPa.
b.) Round spiral column: PD = 500kN PL=650 kN.f y =420 MPa and f', -35 MPa. Initially assume p_{g} = 0.02