Data on the gasoline tax per gallon (in cents) as of a certain date for the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia are shown below. State Gasoline Tax per Gallon State Gasoline Tax per Gallon...


Data on the gasoline tax per gallon (in cents) as of a certain date for the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia are shown below.

State

Gasoline Tax
per Gallon

State

Gasoline Tax
per Gallon

Alabama

19.1

Missouri

17.4

Alaska

8.9

Montana

27.9

Arizona

19.1

Nebraska

27.8

Arkansas

21.7

Nevada

23.9

California

37.3

New Hampshire

23.9

Colorado

23.2

New Jersey

14.5

Connecticut

24.9

New Mexico

19.0

Delaware

22.9

New York

33.9

District of
Columbia

23.4

North Carolina

35.2

North Dakota

22.9

Florida

30.7

Ohio

27.9

Georgia

26.6

Oklahoma

17.1

Hawaii

18.4

Oregon

30.1

Idaho

33.1

Pennsylvania

51.5

Illinois

33.0

Rhode Island

34.0

Indiana

28.9

South Carolina

16.9

Iowa

31.7

South Dakota

30.1

Kansas

24.9

Tennessee

21.3

Kentucky

25.9

Texas

20.1

Louisiana

20.8

Utah

30.2

Maine

31.5

Vermont

30.6

Maryland

32.9

Virginia

16.9

Massachusetts

26.6

Washington

44.7

Michigan

31.0

West Virginia

33.1

Minnesota

30.7

Wisconsin

32.8

Mississippi

18.3

Wyoming

24.1

(a)

The smallest value in the data set is 8.9 (Alaska) and the largest value is 51.5 (Pennsylvania). Are these values outliers?

Neither Alaska nor Pennsylvania are outliers.

Pennsylvania is an outlier, but Alaska is not.

Alaska and Pennsylvania are both outliers.

Alaska is an outlier, but Pennsylvania is not.

How do you know if they are outliers?

To be an outlier, an observation has to be greater than or less than .

(b)

Construct a boxplot of the data set.


The box-and-whisker plot has a horizontal axis numbered from 0 to 60. The box-and-whisker is also horizontal. The left whisker is approximately 14.5, the left edge of the box is approximately 23.8, the line inside the box is approximately 27.9, the right edge of the box is approximately 33.5, and the right whisker is approximately 44.7. There are 2 outliers located at 8.9 and 51.5.



The box-and-whisker plot has a horizontal axis numbered from 0 to 60. The box-and-whisker is also horizontal. The left whisker is approximately 14.5, the left edge of the box is approximately 25.8, the line inside the box is approximately 31.6, the right edge of the box is approximately 36.5, and the right whisker is approximately 51.5. There is one outlier located at 8.9.



The box-and-whisker plot has a horizontal axis numbered from 0 to 60. The box-and-whisker is also horizontal. The left whisker is approximately 8.9, the left edge of the box is approximately 20.8, the line inside the box is approximately 26.6, the right edge of the box is approximately 31.5, and the right whisker is approximately 44.7. There is one outlier located at 51.5.



The box-and-whisker plot has a horizontal axis numbered from 0 to 60. The box-and-whisker is also horizontal. The left whisker is approximately 8.9, the left edge of the box is approximately 15.8, the line inside the box is approximately 26.6, the right edge of the box is approximately 36.5, and the right whisker is approximately 51.5.



Comment on the interesting features of the plot. (Round numerical answers to the nearest cent.)

The boxplot shows that a typical gasoline tax is around cents per gallon, that the middle 50% of gasoline taxes lie between 21 and cents per gallon, and that the distribution is . There outlier(s) in the distribution.

Jun 02, 2022
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