Critical review and evaluation of a selected topic Assessment Details: Design of Project Delivery System influences the success or failure of the implementation phase of projects and programs. It is...

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Answer To: Critical review and evaluation of a selected topic Assessment Details: Design of Project Delivery...

Tanmoy answered on Apr 23 2021
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Review and Evaluation of Fixed Price Project Delivery Method
    Software Industry
    Review and Evaluation of Fixed Price Project Delivery Method
    Kerzner’s Fixed Price Model
    
    Sharath Vemula
4/24/2020
    
Fixed Price Project Delivery Method – Software Industry
Fixed Price Project (Contract) Delivery Method
Fixed price project is a project undertaken by the contractor to effectively manage and complete the project at a fixed pri
ce. There are various risks and challenges inherent while executing the project as fixed price project are more risky than other projects due to the factor of cost constraint involved. There are also additional risk and pitfalls that often go along with the fixed price project. Therefore, it is very essential for a well experienced and professional team that understands the nature of fixed price and how it works. Actually, in a fixed price contract the client is purchasing a definite set of services for a set price. If the actual scope of work and producing deliverables to complete the project takes more cost than the set or budgeted price then the client will not pay additional cost for the project. The entire risk of incurring additional cost to project’s complete performance lies with the contractor of the project. The project has to be executed and completed until the project scope and deliverables are accomplished and accepted by the client. Else this might result in breach of the contract.
On the other hand, if the client wants any changes in the set scope of work previously not defined, such as a change in the order process, the contractor has the right to charge additional cost from the client which gets add-up with the project costs.
There are different fixed price contracts, like award fee based or incentive based. These contracts may vary based on the defined performance standards or an economic regulation based on changes in prices like inflation. For this paper we will use the simple FFP contract or what is known as firm fixed price contract. This is a contract where the client pays a fixed price for a defined set of services regardless of the contractor’s costs. Hence, there are no adjustments done based on the contractor’s cost incurred in executing the project.
There are two types of contracts which can be performed for the clients by the contractors:
1. Time and Material contracts (T&M): Here the client has the option to choose from the defined list of contract and materials the products and services they want to acquire. The acquisition might require the material handling costs. The contract states that after selecting the products and services the project completion requires additional time, costs and efforts than the budgeted the project automatically ceases and the contractor performing the work is not allowed to continue the work once it has utilized the budgeted costs of the project. The entire burden and risk of handling the project falls in the hands of the client. This type of contract is generally observed when the scope of the project is not well defined or there is a possibility of amendment in the itinerary of the project.
2. Cost based contract: These is referred to as payment of cost till actually completed to the budgeted. This contract defines the total estimated costs to the scope prearranged in the contract. Here the contractor gives his best effort to complete the project and hence the client faces more risk in this type of contract. Cost based contracts are often used where there is not defined communication of requirement of the project. (George Lowden and John Thornton; May 2015)
High                     Client Risk                    Low    
    Contract Type
    Cost Reimbursement
    Cost Plus Incentive or Award Fee
    Time & Material (T&M)
    Fixed Price Incentive or Award Fee
    Firm Fixed Price
    
Low                    Supplier Risk and                  High
             Project Management Rigor    
Exhibit1. Contract Risk
Evaluation of Project Delivery of Software Industry
Here we will consider software industry as our example for implementation and execution of fixed price project delivery method.
1. Defining the scope of project: the contractor must work closely with the client to develop the scope of the project, goals and objectives and the deliverables for the project development process. The contractor must ensure that the scope of project covers the...
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