Compare and contrast case-control study and randomized clinical trial. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each one. Provide an example of a study in which you would use each type. Please...

WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT        1
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT
Table of contents
Discussion    3
Case-Control Studies    3
Advantages    3
Disadvantages    4
Example    4
Randomized Clinical Trials    4
Advantages    5
Disadvantages    5
Example    6
References    7
Discussion
    In epidemiology and clinical research, case-control studies and randomized clinical trials are two types of study designs that are frequently employed. Both of these approaches are employed to respond to various kinds of research problems, and each has advantages and limitations of its own. In this response, we will contrast these two study designs, go over their benefits and drawbacks, and give instances of studies where both would be suitable.
Case-Control Studies
    A case-control study is a retrospective observational study that contrasts a group of people with an interest disease or condition with a group of people without the disease or condition to ascertain the relationship between exposure and disease. The study design is helpful when the result is uncommon and a prospective study is not practical to carry out. The odds ratio, which calculates the likelihood that an exposure will result in a disease, is the study's main finding (Quah, Eslick & Cox, 2019).
Advantages
· Efficient: Because case-control studies allow for the simultaneous assessment of numerous exposures, they are more effective than other study designs in terms of identifying risk factors.
· Cost-effective: Because they do not need to enroll huge numbers of participants, case-control studies are less expensive than randomized clinical trials.
· Quick Results: Case-control studies can generate results very rapidly, which makes them helpful for developing hypotheses or discovering potential connections between exposures and results.
Disadvantages
· Selection Bias: It is challenging to demonstrate causality because cases and controls were not chosen at random in this study, making it prone to selection bias (Cushman et al., 2019).
· Recall Bias: Recall bias can result from cases' better memories of their prior exposures.
· Confounding: Age, sex, and...