Answer To: Page 1 of 5 HA3032 AUDITING Assessment Details and Submission Guidelines Trimester T2 2020 Unit Code...
Preeta answered on Sep 26 2021
HA3032 Auditing
Audit Program
Contents
Introduction: 2
Key Business Risk: 2
Nature of the entity and industry: 2
Key business risk: 3
Audit Risk Model: 3
Inherent risk: 4
Control Risk: 4
Detection Risk: 4
Risk rating: 5
Analytical Review: 5
Key Ratios: 5
Material Account Balance Identification: 6
Materiality Level: 6
Material Account Balance: 6
Assertions: 9
Audit program: 12
Sampling Plan: 15
Conclusions: 16
References: 18
Introduction:
A business cannot exist without any risk (Nugent and Leidner 2016). There are mainly three types of risks, business risks, non-business risks and financial risks. Financial risks can be further divided into market risk, operational risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. There are several risk response strategies which can be adopted by a company, it can avoid it, it can accept it, the risk can be monitored and the company can be prepared for it, it can mitigate the risk and transfer the risk (Ciocoiu, Irimescu and Stefpeptenatan 2019). But it is important for business organizations to recognize that risk first in order to take the right risk response strategy.
The main responsibility of the auditor is to find out that the financial statement as prepared by the management of the organization is free from any material misstatement whether due to fraud or due to error (Salem, 2012). But while doing so, the auditor also checks the existing risks in an organization which might have an impact on the financial statement and through auditors the business organizations also identify the risk. Auditors mainly identify the business risks. Both internal as well as external audit can be conducted to identify the risks.
In this report, audit of Downer EDI Ltd or popularly known as Downer group will be conducted to identify the potential business risks.
Key Business Risk:
Nature of the entity and industry:
The organization Downer group is an Australian company. It operates in the construction service industry and provide a lot of related integrated service. It provides engineering and infrastructure management services, rolling stock services, drilling services, mine planning, management services and highway maintenance to the public and private rail, road, power, telecommunications, mining and resources sectors, exploration sectors. It designs, builds and sustains assets, infrastructure and facilities. It operates across Australia, New Zealand, Asia and the Pacific with almost 53,000 employees.
Key business risk:
The business risks which the company is currently exposed to are as follows:
· Economic Risk – Due to recent global pandemic, the economy is highly fluctuating and might go towards recession as per the experts. Due to slow economy, the construction, mining and infrastructure industry has already suffered. The demand for infrastructure in energy, transport, etc. is highly reducing (Bhattacharyay 2010). In this situation, the company might lose some of its potential as well as existing clients.
· Financial Risk – Some financial risks always remain in every business like the debtors amount not being recovered and going to bad debt, unexpected loss, fluctuation in the interest rate, etc (Christoffersen 2011).
· Reputation Risk – It is also very common in all types of companies. The risk always exist that the customers will be unhappy and might attract lawsuit, failure of a product, negative press, etc (Scandizzo 2011). Since the company, Downer is mainly service based so the satisfaction of the customers is very important since a loyal customer will bring more customers.
Audit Risk Model:
The risk of the auditor expressing unqualified opinion based on a material misstatement in the financial statement or weakness in the internal control is known as audit risk (Piercey 2011). The whole audit risk is based on three risks individually, which are inherent risk, control risk and detection risk. The former two risks depend on the organization and the later risk depend on the auditor.
Inherent risk:
Inherent risk refers to the risk of existence of error or omission in the financial statement (Bame-Aldred et al. 2013). Inherent risk in the organization are as follows:
· Account staff often makes mistakes in recording insurance like the premium paid, payments received against a damage, etc.
· Estimates might be wrong regarding provisions, bad debt, etc.
Control Risk:
This risk refers to the fact that the internal control of the company might not be strong enough to detect fraud or error (Jiang and Son 2015). Control risk in the organization are as follows:
· Documents being approved without managers’ duty.
· There is problem in segregation of duties and one staff has too many responsibilities.
· The selection process of the suppliers is not transparent.
Detection Risk:
This risk refers to the failure of the auditor to detect a risk. In this case, the detection risks are:
· Not applying proper audit procedures.
· Incorrect audit testing method.
· Auditor failing to understand business transactions.
Risk rating:
There are multiple risks in all the types of risk, which makes the risk rating quite high for the organization.
Analytical Review:
Analytical review refers to the evaluation of the financial information presented by an organization by drawing a relationship between the financial and non-financial data (Luippold and Kida 2012). This helps the auditor to understand the business of the client and the changes happening in the business so that the potential risks can be identified. Analyzing the ratios of the company is an effective procedure for analytical review.
Key Ratios:
The financial statement of the year 2019, 2018 and 2017 has been analyzed to get the key ratio of Downer.
Key Ratios
2019
2018
2017
Current Ratio
1.08
1.09
0.96
Earnings Per Share
0.29
0.08
0.26
Debt-equity Ratio
0.59
0.50
0.47
Return on Equity
8.19
2.04
6.99
Current ratio and debt equity ratio look fine and maintain a similar level. As it is evident, there has been huge fluctuation in earnings per share and return on equity. The level was almost similar in 2019 and 2017 but there was a sudden dip in both the ratios in the year 2018. Both the ratios involve net income and equity. But equity was also used in debt equity ratio and that has not fluctuated. So, the main reason for this can be considered to be fluctuation of net income. The reason for sudden fluctuation in net income needs to be investigated. The amount of equity is high in the company compared to the debts, so the shareholders details need to be checked to find out any related part is the...