Can you please help me to complete this homework assignment?
Name: ______________________ Molecular Biology Lab Learning Outcomes · The student will demonstrate knowledge of processes by which gene expression takes place through transcription and translation · The student will demonstrate knowledge of the movement of t-RNAs through the APE sites of a ribosome. · The student will demonstrate practical knowledge of using the codon table to identify the relevant amino acid and anticodon Part I. Transcription and Translation Fill-In the Blank. The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology states that there is a flow of information from the genetic instructions written in ________________, via the messenger _______________, to the _________ products that perform most of the work in a cell. The first part of this process is called transcription. Just as you might transcribe your notes after a lecture to make them neater and more organized, but not fundamentally changed from one form to another, transcription involves a transfer of information between two very similar molecules, DNA and RNA. What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA? 1. 2. 3. The process of transcription takes place in the _____________ of a eukaryotic cell. The sequence of DNA that codes for a protein is known as a _____________. The enzyme that is responsible for adding the appropriate number of bases to build the messenger RNA is ____________________. This enzyme needs to know where to start the process of transcription. In front of each gene is a region where the enzyme binds and begins mRNA synthesis. This region is called the ____________. At the end of each gene is a termination site, where the enzyme’s job is done, and the mRNA is released. But we are not quite done with transcription yet. There are parts of the genetic sequence that do NOT code for protein; these ________________ must be removed before translation. The coding regions (called ___________________) must be attached together, and a cap and tail added. The second part of the process is called translation. Just as you might be able to translate a letter or a conversation from Spanish to English, or Armenian to Chinese, this process of translation represents a dramatic change from the language of nucleic acids (composed of nucleotide building blocks) to the very different language of proteins (composed of ______________________) building blocks. Remember that protein structure is complex and may be divided into primary, secondary, tertiary and often quaternary levels. The primary structure is the sequence of amino acids that are put together to make a polypeptide, and this what happens during translation. The genetic code is written in triplets (units of three mRNA bases). These triplets are called _________. Each triplet is complementary to a single anticodon found on ______________ RNA molecules. At the opposite end of each tRNA, a specific amino acid is attached. This is the key to translation. If you know the DNA sequence of a gene, you can figure out the complementary mRNA sequence, and then, using the codebook (see below), the sequence of amino acids in the protein. Some amino acids will be attracted to each other (e.g., by hydrogen bonds), thereby creating coils and folds of secondary protein structure, and ultimately, the tertiary 3-dimensional shape of the protein, which determines function. Part II. Codon Table Usage. For codon below name both the anti-codon and the amino acid that are associated with it. Codon: AAA Anti-codon ___________________ Amino Acid ___________________ Codon: AUC Anti-codon ___________________ Amino Acid ___________________ Codon: GAC Anti-codon ___________________ Amino Acid ___________________ Codon: UAA Anti-codon ___________________ Amino Acid___________________ Code book/Codon Tables (color) Code book (black and white) (Spring 2020 Glendale Bio 122 Lab Manual, Kretzman) Part III. Transcription and Translation Review For this next section you will be drawing or listing the steps for transcription and for translation. 2