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Study and Analysis Asset Management Practice for a typical HVAC System and Develop an Improved HVAC Asset Management Framework ENRP20001- Engineering Research Project Planning Submitted by Sai Jagdeesh Kollipara Student Id 12070512 Project Advisor Dr Md Gyas Uddin Unit Coordinator Dr Narottam Das School of Engineering and Technology Central Queensland University, Melbourne ( 1 ) Abstract This project planning report explains about Study and Analysis of Asset Management Practice for a typical HVAC System and Develop an Improved HVAC Asset Management Framework. Major part of this report is literature review on HVAC asset management framework. Research questions and knowledge gap are developed by performing literature review and Various asset management practices followed are explained in this report. Methodology in this report explains about the various strategies to develop an enhanced HVAC asset management framework. A predictive building model is designed with the embedded smart controls and latest available technologies and simulation is carried out to formulate results. Lifecycle cost analysis method is conducted on the developed model and the results are compared to already existing models. The input data for the simulation is predicted depending on the realistic and physical properties of the Building and some theoretical calculations. To prove the HVAC framework is improved lifecycle cost analysis and energy audit has been conducted. The proof of concept used in this report is for support to prove that the methodology is accurate to develop better framework for HVAC system. Proof of concept and conclusions made from it which are in this report are based on sample and adapted data from literature review. ( 41 ) Acknowledgement I thank my project supervisor Dr. Md Gyas Uddin for extending immense support for carrying out the project research. He always guided me in a right direction and clearing all my doubts when necessary. I would like to thank Dr. Raj Sharma unit coordinator for conducting workshops which are valuable resources to get ideas for project research. I would like to thank my friends who have helped me during the project research I would like to extend my support to them whenever they need. Finally, I acknowledge that I am very much thankful to the Central Queensland University for providing all the necessary resources and support to perform project research successfully. Table of Contents Abstract2 Acknowledgement3 List of Figures6 List of Tables7 Glossary/Nomenclature8 Chapter 1 -Introduction9 Asset Management9 Asset Management Lifecycle10 HVAC System11 HVAC Asset Management Framework12 Knowledge Gap14 Research Question14 Aims14 Objectives14 Project Deliverables15 Key Milestones of Project15 Resources for Project15 Chapter 2- Literature Review Justification of Work16 Asset Management Framework16 Asset Management Lifecycle17 Asset Management Guidelines17 Asset Management Characteristics19 Asset Management Framework23 Requirement of HVAC asset management framework25 Chapter 3- Literature Review: Methodology Identification27 Chapter 4- Methodology -Approach28 Thermodynamic Model29 Constraints30 Life cycle cost analysis30 Final output32 Chapter 5- Methodology Plan and Resources33 Chapter 6- Proof of Concept34 Experiment using occupants calculating sensors34 Life cycle cost analysis36 Chapter 7. Gantt chart for Project Planning and research and Project Implementation38 Chapter 8- Risk Assessment40 Chapter 9- Conclusion46 References47 Appendix I: Weekly Meeting Minutes 150 Appendix 2: Weekly Meeting Minutes 251 List of Figures Figure 1 HVAC System Mechanism and Equipment11 Figure 2 HVAC System Requirements12 Figure 3 HVAC asset management framework13 Figure 4 Asset Management Activities (Jeeva and Baswaid 2014)21 Figure 5-Asset Management Framework24 Figure 6 Energy consumption breakdown of Building25 Figure 7 Flowchart of Methodology28 Figure 8 Cost of the HVAC system per year31 Figure 9 3-D Design model34 Figure 10 Circuit diagram consisting of sensor to calculate occupants35 Figure 11 Energy consumption of designed model office and existing office35 Figure 12 cost for operation for designed model office and existing office36 Figure 13 LCC Analysis or a Developed Model36 Figure 14 Gantt chart for project planning and research38 Figure 15 Gantt chart for project implementation39 List of Tables Table 1 weekly meeting minutes 150 Table 2 weekly meeting minutes 251 Glossary/Nomenclature SYMBOL ABBREVATION Mn Capacitance of zone cp Air heat capacity Rn, I Resistance between zone n and zone i Rn, o Resistance between zone n and outside ηc, ηh Efficiency of cooling and heating rg Monetary cost of gas per kwh re Monetary cost of electricity per kwh τ, N Number of time steps and zones Tc, min(t) Minimum cooling temperature Ts, max(t) Maximum heating temperature Ro Ventilation required per occupant Ran Ventilation required for an area An Zone area Tzn (t) Temperature of zone Tsn (t) Supply air temperature of a zone Tc(t) AHU cooled air temperature Tm(t) Temperature of mixed air D(t) Position of damper for outside air Tr(t) Return temperature mzn (t) Mass flow into a zone ms(t) Total mass flow of all zones ρu, n(t), ρl, n(t) Upper/lower comfort penalty φp Penalty coefficient t, n Time, Zone To(t) Outside air temperature Q Thermal load On(t) Occupancy Chapter 1 -Introduction 1.1 Asset Management Asset management can be noted to vary in its interpretation as well as definition. For example, in the context of a financial sector, this refers to the management of financial assets. In case of industries that are capital intensive, asset management concerns the identification of the ways in which the industrial organization undertakes management of the physical assets over the course of the life cycle for achieving the intended strategy. The final output that is generated by assets shall offer the justification for its ownership. Development pertaining to newer as well as extended bodies in frameworks and knowledge that incorporate the encompass multi-disciplinary perspective in this regard are underway. Significant and ever-growing list of professional societies, industry groups as well as research organisations, which seriously consider asset management continue to expand illustrating the emphasis laid on the domain of asset management. Asset management can be considered in being the essential business and also a technical process, as well as it is considered to be an increasing extent in being contributor for the objectives of an organization by way of undertaking management of asset performances with an intention to achieve competitive strategy. The overall development with respect to the domain of asset management appears in being based on notions of collective management activities amongst the activities of an organization which in a combined manner aid in the management of the assets (Younis and Knight 2014; Brown et al. 2014; Abuzayan et al. 2014). At the outset, asset management can be defined as the life-cycle management concerning physical assets for the purposes of achieving the intended outputs pertaining to the enterprise. An asset management system can also be stated as a system which shall undertake planning as well as the controlling of the asset affiliated activities as well as their relationships towards the acts of making sure asset performance outputs shall meet the competitive strategy intended for the organization. In the form of control system, asset management entails range of planning as well as control related activities across varied levels of organization. The said definition offers integrated perspective of an asset management system in the context of overall management system at the organization. There are two key elements with respect to asset management when the same is defined as the lifecycle management concerning the physical assets as well as holistic form of system control pertaining to asset affiliated activities that are directed to achieve organizational strategy (Younis and Knight 2014; Brown et al. 2014; Abuzayan et al. 2014). 1.2 Asset Management Lifecycle Lifecycle management shall entail asset management related activities that affiliated to the specific organization. In general, the organization shall be concerned initially with that of utilisation phase pertaining to the prevailing assets. Any of the decisions which pertain to the portfolio relating to assets shall be built on various information accumulated in managing the stage. Over this juncture, it shall be identified for instance that current design pertaining to one or else more number of assets shall not be capable in achieving the performance level that is required on account of current or else projected environment in the future (Wallnerstrom et al. 2014; Cho et al. 2015; Campbell et al. 2016). In the concurrent manner, organizations are required in identifying the needs of business, as well as undertake decisions for the purposes of launching any of the changes or else project for the purposes of enhancing the assets, the design, maintenance, operation or else the logistic support. In essence, the asset management system which plans as well as controls the asset affiliated activities, shall involve the asset management activities which are distributed typically amongst various departments in the organization as well as across varied levels of the organization. It has been suspected in that the conformance towards strategy of enterprise competitiveness could be attained by way of an integrated form of process to make decisions and the same shall include activities pertaining to asset management. The integration of this nature entails the overall alignment pertaining to all of the decisions that are undertaken by departments at an individual level as well as across various levels of the management (Wallnerstrom et al. 2014; Cho et al. 2015; Campbell et al. 2016). 1.3 HVAC System HVAC in full form is Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning mainly utilised inside commercial buildings and industries to comfort humans and maintain some equipment temperature by regulating inside and outside temperature. The preferable choice to obtain suitable HVAC depends on the asset structure, weather conditions and budget of the asset. This project mainly concentrates on development of HVAC asset management framework by analysing the performance data like power consumption amount, heat load and cooling load. Below figure shows the mechanism and equipment of HVAC. Figure 1 HVAC System Mechanism and Equipment Source( https://www.standardheating.com/hvac-maintenance/hvac-diagram/) HVAC can be divided into two types. They are Central System and Local System. Central Systems initial capital cost is higher and is suitable for every defined building type, whereas for Local System operating cost is higher and not preferable for roof tops of the building. Below figure show some of the requirement of the HVAC. Figure 2 HVAC System Requirements Source(https://www.intechopen.com/books/hvac-system/types-of-hvac-systems) 1.4 HVAC Asset Management Framework HVAC asset management framework consist of various elements which are essential for the high performance of the HVAC system. The elements of the framework are arranged in a way of cycle step by step procedure to be followed for installation of HVAC system. Designing, Optimisation, Monitoring, Operation, Commissioning, Installation, Servicing, Upgrading are the elements of the framework. Each element activities are briefly described below. Designing- HVAC system is designed based on the physical properties of the asset using engineering architecture. The design should consider the energy efficient system, comfort zone of the occupants, emissions, cost of the equipment and other related regulations and standards. Optimisation- HVAC system optimisation deals with changes to be made for algorithms, set point temperature depending on the weather conditions and occupants comfort temperatures. Which can save lot of unnecessary energy usage. Monitoring– Functioning of the system performance should be constantly observed and noted down in the asset register. Which can be useful for evaluation of the system upgrading and servicing. Energy audits should be carried out regularly. Operations– This element relates to all necessary resources required to carry out functioning of the system. In case of some design failures, Cost of repairs and servicing is carried out at this