Brunyé et al XXXXXXXXXXexamined the accuracy with which people could understand spatial representations from descriptions that were presented either in survey-perspective form or in route-perspective...

Brunyé et al. (2008) examined the accuracy with which people could understand spatial representations from descriptions that were presented either in survey-perspective form or in route-perspective form. They used regression to examine whether the time spent reading the description (in seconds) would predict the response time (in milliseconds) to questions about the descriptions. They state:

There was strong evidence that increases in route description reading times predicted .... response times [β = = 0.03, t(18) = - 2.11, p
 0.05].

Note that the degrees of freedom for the t test statistic are shown within parentheses.

(a) What is the implication of the negative slope?

(b) Give a 95% confidence interval for the expected change in response time, if reading time increases by 20 seconds.

(c) Calculate r². Is reading time an accurate predictor of individual response times?