Because of the centralization, supplies are “brittle,” meaning they can easily break or become disrupted (Lovins & Lovins, XXXXXXXXXXAs a result of this vulnerability, utility companies need to have...

Because of the centralization, supplies are “brittle,” meaning they can easily break or become disrupted (Lovins & Lovins, 1981). As a result of this vulnerability, utility companies need to have effective security measures and contingency plans to mitigate service outages.