see filesAssignment: Applying the Social-Ecological Model The Social-Ecological Model (SEM) has been...

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see filesAssignment: Applying the Social-Ecological Model The Social-Ecological Model (SEM) has been used to explain/predict behavior from an ecological perspective. The focus of the SEM is to describe how specific levels of influence, as well as internal and external factors, interact to impact and shape health behavior. Using the levels of intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, and societal factors, you will be asked to apply the SEM to a specific health topic. While the topic will be assigned by your Instructor, you will select a target group to focus on. To prepare: · Review the topic assigned to you by your Instructor. · Download the Target Population document from your Learning Resources and select one target population to focus on. · Review the Module 4 Resources. Submit a 3- to 4-page paper (not including title page and references) that includes the following: · Title page · Social-Ecological Model · In your own words, provide a brief description of the Social-Ecological Model. · Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Levels · Describe how the intrapersonal and interpersonal levels can/do influence the assigned health topic and how these levels pertain to your selected target group. Be specific and provide examples. · Institutional, Community, and Societal Levels · Describe how the institutional, community, and societal levels can/do impact the assigned health topic and how these levels pertain to your selected target group. Be specific and provide examples. · Challenges to Achieving Health Equity · Describe how structural bias, social inequities, and racism can create challenges to achieving health equity for your specific targeted group for your assigned health topic. · Summary of the Application of SEM · Summarize the application of the SEM to your selected target group and assigned health topic. · Reference List · Include a reference list using APA format. Topic: For the MOD 4 Assignment, you will choose a TARGET, and I will provide the TOPIC. The TOPIC for this Assignment is "infant mortality." The target can be any population you choose, just address the topic of infant mortality with whatever target population you choose. I hope things are going well and remember to meet the Discussion deadline for your first post, this week and the final posts, and the Assignment deadline next week. Remember, follow Walden's requirements in regard to plagiarism when completing Assignments and Discussions. Documentation will need to be perfect as we round the half way point, and head for the end of this course. APA formatting is key, and the Walden Writing Center has some terrific support tools. If you have any issues or questions, let me know! Have a great couple week. Bruce   PUBH 6038/HLTH 8038 Target Populations · Adults  · African Americans · Asian Americans · Caucasians · College students  · Female sex workers  · Hispanic males · Latina women · Latino men · LBGTQ individuals · Low-income urbanites  · Mexican Americans · Native Americans · New mothers  · Older adults  · Pacific Islanders · Parents  · Parents and children  · Parents and grandparents  · School children  · University students  · Women  · Women and men

Soumi · Accepted Answer

Running Head: INFANT MORTALITY IN AFRICAN AMERICAN	1
INFANT MORTALITY IN AFRICAN AMERICAN	2
INFANT MORTALITY IN AFRICAN AMERICAN
Table of Contents
Social-Ecological Model	3
Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Levels	3
Intrapersonal Level	3
Interpersonal Level	4
Institutional, Community, and Societal Levels	4
Institutional Level	4
Community Level	5
Societal Level	5
Challenges to Achieving Health Equity	5
Summary of the Application of SEM	6
References	7
Social-Ecological Model
	The social ecological model is a framework used for understanding the multidimensional and interactive effects of personal and environmental factors. As mentioned by Swearer and Hymel (2015), these factors determine behaviors, and for identifying behavioral and organizational advantage and all the intermediaries affect the issues. As noted by Simplican, Leader, Kosciulek and Leahy (2015), social-ecological model consists of five levels, which cover all the factors. These five levels are individual, interpersonal, community, organizational, and policy or environmental. 
Individual covers up the influence of behavior on issue, interpersonal covers up the influence of society, religion and customs, community includes institutes, business and transportation, while organizational includes governmental organization and their role, and policies or environment cover up healthcare services and interaction of environment (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). The current essay applies SEM model to understand the infant mortality in targeted population. The chosen targeted population is African-American people. 
Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Levels
	The infant mortality rate in African American is very high comparatively to other races exists in America. There are many intrapersonal and interpersonal factors, which affect the mortality rate. 
Intrapersonal Level
	As suggested by Komro, Livingston, Markowitz and Wagenaar (2016), low birth rate due to maternal chronic health issues are can be responsible for infant mortality. Infections, inborn errors, poor metabolism, allergies can cause mortality in first year at childbirth. As noted by Patrick, Warner, Pordes and Davis (2016), maternal choices and behavior affect the mortality rate directly. Alcohol consumption and smoking is high in African American women.
The stress level in African American women is high due to poverty and racial discrimination, which have the impact on the infant mortality. As mentioned by Beal, Kuhlthau and Perrin (2016), breastfeeding has shown improved condition of the child. it has been seen that illiterate African American women continue to breast feed children up to six months. The sleep condition of the child influences the mortality rate in infants. As suggested by Goodstein and Ostfeld (2017), only 53.2% of African American women change the position of their infant.

Assignment: Applying the Social-Ecological Model The Social-Ecological Model (SEM) has been used to explain/predict behavior from an ecological perspective. The focus of the SEM is to describe how...

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