Assessment 1: Report on Research ParadigmSummary: Critically assess how “truth” is established in business and management research. Students must identify relevant research philosophies or paradigms...

HOW “TRUTH” IS ESTABLISHED IN BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH
Table of Contents
\
Main Steps Taken in Conducting a Research    3
Step 1: Identifying the issue    3
Step 2: Literature review    3
Step 3: Narrowing of the research    3
Step 4: Selection of sample group    3
Step 5: Designing of the research method    4
Step 6: Collection and analysis of data    4
Strengths and Weaknesses of Business Research Design and Method    4
Descriptive research design    4
Exploratory research design    4
Causal research design    5
Ethical issues occur in conducting research    5
Confidentiality    6
Honesty    6
Protection of the sample    6
Actions taken to mitigate the ethical issues    6
Research proposal    7
Limitations    7
Advantages    7
Technical Implications of the Techniques    7
Designing of the survey    8
Analysis of Level of satisfaction    8
Analysis of Frequency of leaving the job    9
Analysis of Motivation to come to job daily    10
Analysis of Organization taking care of you    11
Analysis of completely rely on this job for earning    12
Analysis of Bright future in association with this organization    13
Analysis of High raise in the salaries    14
Analysis of Chances of getting promotion    15
Analysis of Using data mining    16
Analysis of Best use of data mining    17
References    18
Main Steps Taken in Conducting a Research
Step 1: Identifying the issue
The first logical step involved in conduction of the research is narrowing down of the issue and identifying of the population and country, which get affected the most. For example, lockdown during the coronavirus has direct impact on the economy of the countries, which have longest lockdown as well as it affected the global economy. Thus, research can be impact conducted in the impact of the lockdown on the country. When selection of the issue is done, most of the time issues which have poor information and having any knowledge gap is selected. Once the issue is identified then either hypothesis or thesis is developed related to it (Cornelissen, 2017). For example, although, all the people in the country get affected badly due to coronavirus lockdown, yet poor and lower middle-class people are the main victim
Step 2: Literature review
Once the issue is selected for the conduction of the research, it is necessary to conduct desk research, which means conduction of the literature review. In literature review, researches go through various databases and study all the research available on the respective topic to identify the occurring trend in the topic or changes, which occur over the years (George et al. 2016). Usually peer-reviewed articles are selected, but other sources are also included such as information from the government websites, survey data and news articles.
Step 3: Narrowing of the research
The next step involved is narrowing of the focus of the research. Literature review of the topic guides the researchers to narrow down their research, development of the research questions, research objectives and target population, on which focus is need to be made. This is necessary for the research as mostly topics are very broad and to make the impact of research, it is necessary to focus on specific area of the research so that it has certain scope.
Step 4: Selection of sample group
Once the research topic is narrowed down, it is necessary for identifying the sample population and area where research is need to be conducted. It is important to note that selection of the country for the conduction of the result can be defined in advance, but an area where research within the country is conducted is dependent on many factors. The main factor, on which area selection is dependent, is the selection of the target population (Jaskiewicz et al. 2017). The target population size is selected after calculating the margin of errors and target group mainly include the people who are mostly affected by the issue. For example, complete lockdown has direct impact on the life of the daily wagers, thus, target population can be daily wages.
Step 5: Designing of the research method
This is one of the crucial steps, as researcher needs to design the research method. This includes selection between primary, secondary and mixed research. It also includes designing whether qualitative, quantitative or both methods will be utilized to conduct the research. On the contrary, research philosophy is designed and instrumentation is done, in which research instrument is developed for the collection of data such as development of the questionnaire for conduction of the survey (Nambisan et al. 2017).
Step 6: Collection and analysis of data
The information provided by the participant of the research is considered as the data. For primary research, data provided in the form of answers is selected. On the contrary, the data available in the answers from other research paper is considered in the secondary research. On the other hand, once the data is collected, it is necessary for the analysis of the data (Tang, Lai & Cheng, 2016). The analysis is done by adopting various analytical methods such as logical regression or thematic analysis. Analyzed data is depicted using graphs and charts for easy representation and reaching the results. Result is often represented using bar graph and pie charts.
Strengths and Weaknesses of Business Research Design and Method
Descriptive research design
This research design includes identifying the description of the problem and describing the ideas or phenomenon.
    Strengths
    Weaknesses
    · It provides the clarity on the subject, on which research will be done
· It is easy to collect data using this design as collection of data is done using longitudinal study and cross-sectional data
· It is a cost-effective and time saving method
    · It can hinder the privacy of the participants of the research
· It focuses on the type of the phenomenon but failed to identify the cause of occurrence of phenomenon
· Validation of the data sample is very difficult due to first-hand information provided by the sample.
Table 1.1: Strengths and Weaknesses of Descriptive Research Design
(Source: Creswell & Clark, 2017)
Exploratory research design
This research method includes the exploration of the work. In this researcher acts like detective and use their instinct to find the clues and complete the information using those clues.
    Strengths
    Weaknesses
    · Since this research includes exploration, which is basic principle of conduction of research design
· It identifies the issues, which are not addressed in the prior studies
· It helps in filling the knowledge gap related to the study
· It can act as guide for the future research
    · It failed to reach the conclusion; thus, researches often get dependent on other designs to reach the outcome.
· The developed plan of the research is affected by the new data is collected and research can change its direction based on...