Although content and process theories provide important insights into the motivation of human resources, three additional areas that have received a great deal of recent attention in the application...

Although content and process theories provide important insights into the motivation of human resources, three additional areas that have received a great deal of recent attention in the application of motivation theory are job design, work centrality, and reward systems. Job design is influenced by culture as well as the specific methods that are used to bring together the people and the work. Work centrality helps to explain the importance of work in an individual’s life relative to other areas of interest. In recent years work has become a relatively greater part of the average U.S. employee’s life and perhaps less a part of the average Japanese worker’s life.