Higher Nationals Assignment Brief – BTEC (RQF) Higher National Diploma in Business Student Name /ID Number Unit Number and Title Unit 5 Management Accounting Academic Year 2019/20 Unit Assessor...

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Answered Same DayMay 29, 2021UNIT 5

Answer To: Higher Nationals Assignment Brief – BTEC (RQF) Higher National Diploma in Business Student Name /ID...

Pranjal answered on Jun 03 2021
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MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
Table of Contents
1.0 Task One    3
1.1 Introduction    3
1.2 Overview of Management Accounting    3
1.3 Comparative Analysis of Different Management Accounting Tools    4
1.4 Evaluation of Management Accounting at Organisational Level    5
1.5 Recommendation and Conclusion    5
2.0 Task Two    7
2.1 Problem Scenario    7
2.2 Calculation of Cost (Absorption Costing Method)    7
2.3 Calculation of Cost (Marginal Costing Method)    7
2.4 Comparative Analysis of Two Methods    8
References    10
1.0 Task One
1.1 Introduction
Accounting is one of the most significant and important aspects of the study of
business as the language of accounting provides information about the business to the stakeholders associated with it. The accounting subject is of different types and management accounting is one of the most important parts of the entire accounting subject horizon. The instant report provides an overview as to the management or managerial accounting.
The report has been prepared in a structured manner where the researcher has introduced the concept of management accounting at the very beginning of the study. In the subsequent section of the paper, different management accounting tools have been analysed and the comparative evaluation has been made citing the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques. In addition, the management accounting at organisation level has also been evaluated to establish as to how the management accounting helps the management to attain the long-term corporate goals. Based on the discussion, finally, the recommendation has been provided and thereafter the researcher wraps up the discussion through a concluding note.
1.2 Overview of Management Accounting
Management or managerial accounting, as stated earlier, is an integral part of entire accounting study and literature. The management accounting encompasses different phases of the managerial decision-making process and acts as a helping hand for the management. The management accounting may be defined as a practice of identification, measurement, analysis and evaluation of financial information and communication of that information to the management for the decision-making purpose so that the organisational goal is being achieved in the most time and cost-efficient manner (Ogungbade and Tabitha, 2018).
The managerial accounting primary differs from financial accounting in the sense that financial accounting revolves around presenting the financial state of affairs of the business to the stakeholders. On the other hand, managerial accounting deals with the preparation of different management information system (MIS) report for the decision-making process of the business. In short, it may be stated that financial accounting caters to the external stakeholders whereas, managerial accounting puts emphasis on internal stakeholders such as the management (Ray and Gramlich, 2016).
    Management Accounting
    Basics
    Cost Concepts
    Reports
    Trends
    · Overview
· Management Functions
· Business Ethics
    · Manufacturing Costs
· Product and period Costs
· Relevant Costs
    · Income Statement
· Balance Sheet
· Cost Sheet
    · Service Sector
· ICT and Managerial Accounting
· Global Practices
Table 1: Management of Accounting Theoretical Framework
(Source: Created by the author)
In this context, it may be also noted that managerial accounting does not need to conform with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) which financial accounting is bound to comply with. The books of accounts and financial statements of a business are generally prepared as per financial accounting and based on the generally accepted accounting principles prevalent within the country. The managerial accounting, on the other hand, provides insight as to the financial performance of the business to the management in their various decision-making process. For example, the managerial accounting deals with the cost data so that the pricing can be optimised. On the other hand, financial accounting does not focus on the same and presents the actual revenue of the business to the stakeholders.
1.3 Comparative Analysis of Different Management Accounting Tools
Different Management accounting tools help the management in their decision-making process. Some of the tools may be briefly described herein.
Ratio analysis
Advantages: This is one of the tools which is widely used in the management decision-making process. The ratio analysis helps the management to evaluate the financial health of a business with respect to different financial ratios. The ratio analysis helps to assess aspects such as the profitability, liquidity, operational efficiency, solvency, capital structure and stock market performance of the business.
Disadvantages: However, the tool suffers from certain limitations as well. The financial statements are prepared on a historical cost basis and financial ratios are primarily based on figures from financial statements (Ogungbade and Tabitha, 2018). As a result, financial ratios are also devoid of any market-related factors such as recession etc. In addition, it may also be noted that ratio analysis does not consider the qualitative aspects of the business which may affect financial performance. For example, corporate governance, the efficiency of the workforce, regulatory changes etc may impact the company’s operations (Ray and Gramlich, 2016).
Cash flow and fund flow analysis
Advantages: These are another aspect of managerial accounting that puts emphasis on the cash position of the business. The cash flow of the business primarily arises from three different activities such as operating activities, financing activities and investing activities. The analysis helps the management to identify which of the activities have been consuming or generating the cash flow for the business so that the liquidity planning may accordingly be carried out.
Disadvantages: However, as the name says, cash flow analysis deals with an only cash position of the business and hence any profitability scenario or accrual or...
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