Acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration C of hydrogen ions in the solution (measured in moles per liter of solution). Chemists use the negative of the logarithm of the concentration...

pH = - log (C)

(a) Normal rain has a pH value of 5.6. Rain in the eastern United States often has a pH level of 3.8. How much more acidic is this than normal rain? (answer should include 3 decimal places)
________times as acidic as normal rain



(b) If the pH of water in a lake falls below a value of 5, fish often fail to reproduce. How much more acidic is this than normal water with a pH of 5.6?
________times as acidic as normal water