A VCO having oscillates at a frequency of 1 GHz with . A rectangular pulse appears on with an amplitude of 1 Volt and a duration of 0.5 ns. What is the resulting phase change at the output of the VCO?...

A VCO having oscillates at a frequency of 1 GHz with . A rectangular pulse appears on with an amplitude of 1 Volt and a duration of 0.5 ns. What is the resulting phase change at the output of the VCO?

Find an expression in terms of and for the number of clock cycles required for the output phase of a VCO to change by after is changed from 0 to 1 mV.