A study reported in theJournal of Small Business Managementconcluded that self-employed individuals experience higher job stress than individuals who are not self-employed. In this study job stress was assessed with a 15-item scale designed to measure various aspects of ambiguity and role conflict. Ratings for each of the 15 items were made using a scale with 1–5 response options ranging from strong agreement to strong disagreement. The sum of the ratings for the 15 items for each individual surveyed is between 15 and 75, with higher values indicating a higher degree of job stress. Suppose that a similar approach, using a 20-item scale with 1–5 response options, was used to measure the job stress of individuals for 15 randomly selected real estate agents, 15 architects, and 15 stockbrokers. The results obtained follow.
Real Estate Agent
Architect
Stockbroker
81
43
65
48
63
68
60
57
69
52
91
54
70
62
77
67
76
83
56
75
61
53
80
71
64
50
37
72
73
85
84
58
Useα= .05 to test for any significant difference in job stress among the three professions.
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