A study of elementary school children, ages 6 to 11, finds a high positive correlation between shoe size x and score y on a test of reading comprehension. The observed correlation is most likely due...

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Extracted text: A study of elementary school children, ages 6 to 11, finds a high positive correlation between shoe size x and score y on a test of reading comprehension. The observed correlation is most likely due to: cause and effect (larger shoe size causes higher reading comprehension). the effect of a lurking variable, such as age or years of reading experience. a mistake, because the correlation must be negative. reverse cause and effect (higher reading comprehension causes larger shoe size).